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MH: 3. Peace + Conflict > Stats + Quotes > Flashcards

Stats + Quotes Flashcards

1
Q

first aid package when, how much worth

A

1955, $320 military support, technicians + weaponry (from US to South Vietnam)

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2
Q

Karnow, on consequences of Geneva for Vitet

A

“lost more in negotiations than they had gained in combat”

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3
Q

popularity of Diem’s regime in South by 1954 - opposed by who (not stat)

A

“opposed by virtually all sections of South Vietnam society” - Wood

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4
Q

agroville program consequences social quote

A

“unleashed social discontent and created… enemies” - Kolko

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5
Q

economic growth rate of Nth by 1960 (NOT a stat)

A

highest economic growth rate of any country by 1960

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6
Q

south inequality in society (land ownership)

A

2.5% of landowners owned 50% of all arable land to 1955

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7
Q

% countryside controlled by NLF in Sth when

A

NLF controlled 80% of countryside by 1961

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8
Q

how much was Kennedy in favour of containment

A

“fully subscribed to… containment” - Karnow

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9
Q

What price to assure liberty?

A

“We shall pay any price… to assure… liberty” - Kennedy, inauguration speech 1961

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10
Q

aim of america in vietnam under eisenhower and jfk (not containment). Determined to…

A

“determined to restore its prestige”- karnow

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11
Q

LBJ, on losing a war against communists

A

“Nothing would be worse”

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12
Q

eisenhower’s characterisation of the domino theory + m/y

A

“like a set of dominoes”, Eisen April 1954

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13
Q

how many US military + political advisors in SV by 1962?

A

January 1962, there were 4000 US advisers in RVN

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14
Q

roots of vietnam war?

A

“The real roots… lie in the policies the Eisenhower administration adopted towards Southeast Asia after 1954” - David Kaiser

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15
Q

LBJ characterisation of Vietnam (very nice)

A

“damn little pissant country”

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16
Q

escalation of combat troop amount from end 65-68

A

End of 1965: 200 000 US combat troops @ Vietnam –> 1968: 550 000 (‘68 WAS PEAK)

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17
Q

johnson’s actual motivations?

A

“political self-defence as much as defence of the free World” - Maclear

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18
Q

Johnson approval ratings drop post-Tet

A

Dropped 12% (Feb 1968)

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19
Q

when + where do peace talks begin?

A

May 1968 Paris

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20
Q

by when, how many US troops had been withdrawn?

A

1972, >400k troops had been withdrawn

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21
Q

christmas bombings - when, under what campaign name (unofficial)

A

NV in December 1972, nixon’s madman bombings

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22
Q

Peace treaty finally signed when/where?

A

january 1973 Paris, ends direct American involvement

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23
Q

how many litres of defoliants dropped on indochina, from when + under what operation name

A

~75 million litres, from 1961 Operation Ranch Hand

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24
Q

US helicopters

A

1968: 5500 helicopters

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25
Q

political Tet, impact for DRV

A

“brilliant political victory” - Dean Rusk

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26
Q

Giap, on aims of Tet

A

“both military and political” objective

27
Q

Tet: attack on US embassy = impact

A

US is “vulnerable despite its immense power” - Karnow

28
Q

HCM’s statement during the French oui oui period of the first indochina war

A

“You can kill ten of my men for every one I kill of yours. But even at those odds, you will lose and I will win.”

29
Q

tv war - civilians saw…

A

“Unprecedented brutality” - Karnow

30
Q

what did anti-war movements lead to? (conditions)

A

“civil war conditions” - Henry Kissinger

31
Q

Walter said what?

A

We are mired in a stalemate… the only… way out [is to] … negotiate” - Walter Cronkite

32
Q

Washington moratorium against the Vietnam war when

A

november 15 1969

33
Q

nixon’s policy on civilians dictating policy

A

policy will not be “made on the streets”

34
Q

why extricate? - karnow

A

politicians were reflefting “the overwhelming majority of Americans favoured no further aid to SV government” - Karnow

35
Q

from whence did american battles become iffy

A

1967: 96% of American military engagements involved enemy forces no larger than ~150 men (which Westmoreland was not prepared for/comfortable to fight)

36
Q

thieu, reflecting on US leaving

A

“The United States sold out South Vietnam at Paris. At best we could survive one year, maybe two”

37
Q

HCM on nationalism

A

“Our secret weapon is nationalism”

38
Q

McNamara on underestimation

A

“The US underestimated the power of nationalism to motivate the North Vietnamese”

39
Q

who was DRV getting aid from?

A

China + USSR

40
Q

due to North increasing supply lines + mobilising resources, how long could they continue the war?

A

“Indefinitely” - Pach

41
Q

quote on DVN position @ end of period of consolidation

A

“in a strong position” - Harpur

42
Q

article 1 of peace accords

A

“respect the independence… of Vietnam as recognized by the 1954 Geneva Agreements”

43
Q

democratic elections needed by which agreements?

A

BOTH OF THEM (Geneva + Paris oui oui)

44
Q

number of US fatal casualties total, = to total no that Australia sent

A

60k

45
Q

Gallup public opinion polls 1969: what % saw war in vietnam as a ‘mistake’?

A

60%

46
Q

kent state shooting m/y, how many killed

A

May 1970, 4 killed

47
Q

My Lai year, what happened, when found out?

A

1968, US troops murdered >300 civilians in SV: My Lai. Find out: nov 1969

48
Q

banh mi thuot m/y

A

march 1975

49
Q

Norodom Sihanouk comment on US in Vietnam 1967

A

It would be immoral to support… the aggression of the United States against… Vietnam

50
Q

characterisation of Cambodia bombing campaign

A

“reckless” - Douglas Brinkley

51
Q

khmer rouge in charge of what % country 1973

A

Jan 75%

52
Q

within 6 months of the ceasefire ending the vietnam war, how many tonnes bombs had the US dropped on Cambodia?

A

¼ million tonnes

53
Q

some historians have gone so far as to call Democratic Kampuchea a what state?

A

“slave state” - Philip Short

54
Q

kampuchea - what % secondary school teachers remained after 1979?

A

10%

55
Q

kampuchea - how much $$$ received from China

A

1975, >$1b US from China

56
Q

how could the US have assured a victory? (preventing a communist victory required what)

A

Anthony Joes: “preventing a Communist victory, required stopping… the flow of men and supplies into the South”

57
Q

how much US aid to Cambodia 1970-75

A

almost $2bn

58
Q

Ben Kiernan, Khmer Rouge wouldn’t have won power without what?

A

“would not have won power without U.S” - Ben Kiernan

59
Q

cambodia what fraction population refugees by 1972

A

1/3

60
Q

cambodia agricultural mechanisation goal

A

80% agricultural mechanisation within 5-10 years

61
Q

how much aid from china to Khmer Rouge regime in 1976?

A

> $1bn US

62
Q

jan to feb 1968 how much did LBJ approval rating fall

A

by 12 percentage points

63
Q
A

MH: 3. Peace + Conflict (2 decks)

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