Stats

Question 1

Mean

Answer 1

Average add sum/number

Question 2

Median

When is it preferred?

Answer 2

Rank lowest to highest

Middle value

Preff: in ordinal and continuous data

Question 3

Mode?

Answer 3

Number than happens most frequently

Pref for nominal

Question 4

Range?

Answer 4

Difference between largest and smallest

Question 5

Normal distribution note

Answer 5

Mean median and mode are the same

Question 6

Where do values fall in normal distribution?

Answer 6

68% within 1 SD

95% fall within 2 SDs

Question 7

What is the possible error margin called?

Answer 7

APLHA

Question 8

Alpha commonly set?

Answer 8

5%

Question 9

When is the null rejected?

Answer 9

When the P-value is <0.05 if that is where the alpha is set

Question 10

CI equation>

Answer 10

CI=1-a

Question 11

If a CI contains what?

Answer 11

0 not statistically significant

FOR MEANS

Question 12

Ration data? Three examples?

Answer 12

OD, HR, RR

Question 13

CI confidence interval in ration data?

Answer 13

If it includes 1 not statistically significant

Question 14

Type 1 errors? Also called?

Answer 14

Falso positive

Question 15

Type 1 error in relation the H0 and Ha?

Answer 15

Alternative hypothesis was accepted and Null rejected in error

Question 16

Type II is also called? How is it denoted?

Answer 16

False negative

B

Alternative was rejected and Null accepted in error

Question 17

What is study power?

Answer 17

Probability that the test will reject the null correctly

Question 18

How is power calculated?

Answer 18

1-B

Question 19

RR values and interpretation? 3

Answer 19

=1 no difference

>1 greater risk of outcome in treatmetn

<1 lower risk in Tx

Question 20

NNT NNH rounding

Answer 20

NNT anything greater than a whole number is rounded up to the next whole

NNH: anything greater than a whole number is rounded down

Question 21

When is ANOVA used?

Answer 21

When using continuous data with 3 or more variables

Question 22

T-Test

Answer 22

continuous data that is normally distributed

Student t-test: control versus placebo

Question 23

Continuos data 2 tests

Answer 23

T-test and ANOVA

Question 24

Discrete or categorical data test used? 1

Answer 24

Chisquared

Question 25

Types of continuous data?

Answer 25

Ratio and Interval

Question 26

Types of discrete or categorical data? 2

Answer 26

Nominal: arbitraty raking Ordinal: ranked in logial order

Question 27

Types of correlation tests?

Answer 27

Spearmans ranked order correlation Pearsons correlation coefficient

Question 28

What is the primary correlation test for continous data?

Answer 28

Pearson correlation coeffiecient

Question 29

A test with 100% sensitivity?

Answer 29

Test will be positive in all patients who have the condition

Question 30

Specifity

Answer 30

100% will be negative in all pts without the condition

Question 31

What do forest plots do?

Answer 31

provife CIs for differnce data or ratio data

Question 32

Forest plot interpretation

Answer 32

Vertical line is called the line of no effect set to zero for difference data and 1 for ration data Hortizontal line is the length of the confidence interval

Question 33

Case control study What does it do? Waht data?

Answer 33

Compared pts with a dx to those without Retrospective * ORs

Question 34

Cohort study? What data?

Answer 34

Compares outcomes of 1 group of pts exposed and not exposed Prospective or retro but less common 1. OR

Question 35

Cross sectional study? What data?

Answer 35

Relationship at a point in time variable and outcome at one point in time a CROSS SECTION 1. p values

Question 36

Cae report and case series? What data?

Answer 36

Unique thing that happens in one patient or a few patietns No statistical validity

Question 37

RCTs What data? What data?

Answer 37

Compares control adn placebo HR CI

Question 38

Parallel RCT?

Answer 38

Randomized to tx and control for the entire study

Question 39

Cross over RCT?

Answer 39

Randomised to one or two tx sequences P values

Question 40

Factorial design?

Answer 40

Randomized to more than the usual two groups

Question 41

Meta analysis

Answer 41

Results from multiple study greatest signficantce power

Question 42

sYSTEmmic review article?

Answer 42

Summary of lit that focuses on a specific question or topic