Statistics Vocab Flashcards
Statistics
Collect, organize, summarize, analyze, and make conclusions
Descriptive
Population - describes
Inferential
Sample - infers, makes prediction.
Population
Everyone
Sample
Subgroup of a population
Qualitative
A characteristic, quality ex: hair color, eye color, marital status, grade level
Quanitative
Numerical, percentage
Example Discrete (used to count)
ex: number of students
Examples of Continuous (can have decimals)
ex: weight, time, distance
Nominal
Qualitative variable with no order (hair color, zip code, marital status)
Ordinal
Qualitative variable with order (ex: T-shirt sizes, grade levels, letter grades)
Interval
Quantitative variable with no true zero (ex: temperature, years)
Ratio
Quantitative variable with a true zero (ex: money, weight, time)
Random
Completely random, everyone in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Examples of Random Sampling
Picking names out of a cat, random name/number generator
Systematic
Every kth subject ( ex: picking every 5th person in a line)
Stratified
Divide the population into subgroups, then randomly sample from each subgroup
Example of Stratified Sampling
Divide UHS students by grade and then randomly select 20 students from each grade.
Cluster
Convenient, using an intact group as our sample, not the best reliable sampling.
Observation Study
The researcher can’t do anything except observe and draw conclusions.
Experiment
You must do something as the researcher.
Independent
Manipulated Variable (explanatory variable)
Dependent
The variable that is influenced by the variable (The response)
Confounding Variable
Something that influences the dependent variable but cannot be separated from the independent variable.
