Statistics

Question 1

Measurement

Answer 1

Measurement is the assigning of numbers or codes according to prior-set rules. It is how we get the numbers upon which we perform statistical operations

Question 2

Observation

Answer 2

data from an individual study subject or sampled unit.

Question 3

Visualizing Frequency

Answer 3

1. Frequency Table - A table containing frequency of values
   1a. Relative Frequency Table - frequency of values in percentages
2. Dot Plot - Chart containing values and their frequency in dots
   3a. Histogram Chart - Intervals of data vs frequency
   3b. Relative Frequency Histogram - Intervals of Data with the percentages of frequency on Y axis.

Question 4

Range

Answer 4

Largest number in dataset minus smallest number of dataset

Question 5

Standard Deviation

Answer 5

Avg squared distance from mean

1/(n-1) Sqrt(Σ(Xi - Xm)^2 )

Where Xm = mean;

Question 6

Z-Score

Answer 6

Tell you how many standard deviations from the mean

Z = (Xi - Xm) / StdDev

Question 7

Empirical Rule

Answer 7

68% of data will be within 1 stand deviation
95% of data will fall within 2 StdDev
99.7% of data will fall within 3 StdDev

Assumes symmetrically distributed data