Statistics

Question 1

What type of statistical analyses is the following?

“Exploratory: collate, organise, summarise”

Answer 1

Descriptive

Question 2

What type of statistical analyses is the following?

“Confirmatory: differences, correlations, predictions”

Answer 2

Inferential

Question 3

What are the three measures of central tendency?

Answer 3

-Mode
-Median
-Mean

Question 4

Complete the sentence:

“Raw categorical data cannot be summarised other than through the…”

Answer 4

Mode

Question 5

Which two of the three central tendencies can be used to describe numerical data?

Answer 5

Mean and median

Question 6

Does the following relate to the mean or median?

“Midpoint value in an ordered set of numerical data”

Answer 6

Median

Question 7

Does the following relate to the mean or median?

“Adding all recorded values together and dividing by number of values”

Answer 7

Mean

Question 8

Does the following relate to the mean or median?

“It is more susceptible to outliers”

Answer 8

Mean

Question 9

Does the following relate to the mean or median?

“It is used when there are no outliers or skew”

Answer 9

Mean

Question 10

Does the following relate to the mean or median?

“It is used when there are outliers or skew”

Answer 10

Median

Question 11

What do large differences between the median and mean indicate?

Answer 11

Data skew or presence of outliers

Question 12

What are the three measures of dispersion?

Answer 12

-Standard deviation
-Range
-Interquartile range

Question 13

Which measure of dispersion does the following relate to?

“This shows the average distance of all values in a data set from the arithmetic mean”

Answer 13

Standard deviation

Question 14

Which measure of dispersion does the following relate to?

“This shows the difference between the largest and smallest data values”

Answer 14

Range

Question 15

Which measure of dispersion does the following relate to?

“This shows the difference between the 25th and 75th percentile”

Answer 15

Interquartile range

Question 16

This type of visual method should be used to display data that is:

-Only categorical
-Meaningful when comparing data set as a whole

Answer 16

Pie chart

Question 17

This type of visual method should be used to display data that is:

-Displaying the median with the interquartile range and range
-Presenting discrete or continuous data which has extreme values or is asymetrical (skewed)

Answer 17

Box-and-whisker plot (box plot)

Question 18

This type of visual method should be used to display data that is:

-Categorical for continuous response variables or to show frequencies of multiple groupings
-Able to represent the standard deviation and standard error

Answer 18

Bar chart

Question 19

This type of visual method should be used to display data that has:

-Continuous and discrete variables
-Ability to compare sub-groups and show correlations between two related variables

Answer 19

Scatterplot

Question 20

This type of visual method should be used to display data that is:

-Only used with continuous variables
-Assuming intermediate stages between data points that can be linked by a straight line

Answer 20

Line graph

Question 21

What is one of the main purposes of statistics

Answer 21

To understand variation

Question 22

Is the following an independent or related sample?

“A sample that originates from different populations”

Answer 22

Independent sample

Question 23

Is the following an independent or related sample?

“A sample that originates from the same population”

Answer 23

Related sample

Question 24

What type of hypothesis is the following?

“The concept that the answer to the question you are researching is no”

Answer 24

Null hypothesis

Question 25

What type of hypothesis is the following? "The concept that the answer to the question you are researching is yes"

Answer 25

Alternative hypothesis

Question 26

What statistical test is used to indicate the probability that the variation observed is likely to have happened due to chance?

Answer 26

P-value

Question 27

Does the following mean that the null hypothesis should be accepted or rejected? "The p-value is greater than 0.05"

Answer 27

Accepted

Question 28

Does the following mean that the null hypothesis should be accepted or rejected? "The p-value is less than 0.05"

Answer 28

Rejected

Question 29

What type of error is the following? "The null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true"

Answer 29

Type 1 error

Question 30

What type of error is the following? "The null hypothesis is accepted when it is actually false"

Answer 30

Type 2 error