Statistics Flashcards
Branch of science that deals with studies involving collection, organization, presentation, analysis, interpretation, and drawing conclusions from the data
Statistics
2 branches of statistics
Descriptive statistics
Inferential statistics
Basic collection of data
Descriptive statistics
More complex collection of data
Inferential statistics
Characteristics of a population or sample which makes one different from the other
Variable
Refers to the large collection of object, persons, or things
Population
Part of a population that has the same characteristics of the given population
Sample
Can be placed into categories according to their characteristics/attributes
Qualitative
Data can be ordered or ranked
Quantitative
Represented by counting number only
Discrete
All values between any two specific values or interval
Continuous
Affected by another variable
Dependent variable
Can be changed/manipulated
Independent variable
Value/measure obtained from a population
Parameter
Any value/measurement obtained from a sample
Estimate of a parameter
Statistic
4 measurement levels
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Has no order
Nominal
Has ranking
Ordinal
Has a possibility na magkaroon ng 0 na result
Interval
Walang answer na zero
Ratio
Types of data collection
Interview method
Questionaire method
Registration method
Experimental method
Observation method
Texting method
Gathers data through interviews
Direct or interview method
Gathers data through online surveys
Indirect or questionnaire method
Data obtained from the records of the government agency
Registration method
Can be manipulated
Experimental
Observes the behavior of the individuals/surroundings
Observation
Send text option
Marketing only
Texting method
Random probability types
Lottery
Systematic
Stratified
Cluster
Multi-stage
Raffle
Lottery sampling
Numbering each element of the population
Systematic sampling
Dividing the population into strata (groups)
Stratified sampling
Also called area sampling
Used for a large poulation
Cluster sampling
Combination of several random sampling techniques
Multi-stage sampling
Random non probability types
Convenience
Quota
Purposive
Snowball
Used because it is convenient to the researchers
Convenience sampling
Uses the proportions of different strata
Quota sampling
The researcher gets his/her sample from the respondents purposely related or close to him/her
Purposive sampling
Uses participants to recruit other participants
Snowball sampling
Types of graphs
Frequency polygon
Histogram
Pareto chart
<ogive & >ogive
Pie chart
Pictograph
Scatter point graph/diagram
Line graph
Component bar
Statistical map
