statistics Flashcards
numerical data used to measure and describe characteristics of groups. includes measures of central tendency and measures of variation
descriptive statistics
graph that displays a frequency distribution where its bars touch and ranges of quantitive data are set along the x-axis
histogram
the most frequently occurring scores in a distribution
mode
the arithmetic average of a distribution obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the # of scores
mean
the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it
median
a representation of scores that lack symmetry around their average value
skewed distribution
the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
range
a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
standard deviation
Symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data
normal distribution
Numerical data that allows one to generalize- to infer from sample data the probability of something being true of a population
inferential statistics
a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance
statistical significance
In a _______, most scores fall near the mean (about 68% fall within one standard deviation of it), and fewer and fewer near the extremes
normal distribution
includes measures of central tendency and measures of variation
descriptive statistics
a statistical significance level of .05 means
there is a 5% likelihood that results are due to chance
in a normal distribution (aka normal curve, aka bell curve), what % of scores fall within one standard deviation on either side of the mean
68%
