Statistics

Question 1

The practice or science of collecting and
analyzing numerical data in large quantities,
especially for the purpose of inferring
proportions in a whole from those in a
representative sample.

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

Are
methods for
organizing and
summarizing
data.

Answer 2

Descriptive Statistics

Question 3

• consists of procedures used to make inferences about population characteristics from information contained in a sample drawn from this population.
• covers a large variety of techniques that allow us to make actual claims about a population based on sample of data.

Answer 3

Inferential statistics

Question 4

“The theory of statistics uses ____________ to measure the uncertainty associated with an inference. It enables us to calculate the ____________ of observing specific samples, under specific assumptions about the population. The statistician uses
these __________ to evaluate the uncertainties associated with
sample inferences.”

Answer 4

probability/probabilites

Question 5

information or facts necessary to conduct a certain study.

Answer 5

Data

Question 6

Data that has been
collected by
researcher
themselves for the
specific purposes of
answering a
research question

Answer 6

Primary Data

Question 7

Data that has been
collected by another
researcher or
organization for
other purposes

Answer 7

Secondary Data

Question 8

is a characteristic that changes or varies
over time and/or for different individuals or object under consideration.

Answer 8

Variable

Question 9

is a variable whose numerical is determined by the outcome of some chance experiment.

Answer 9

Random Variable

Question 10

is the individual or object on which a variable is measured. A single measurement or data value results
when a variable is actually measured on an ___________.

Answer 10

Experimental Unit

Question 11

result when a single variable is
measured on a single experimental unit.

Answer 11

Univariate data

Question 12

result when two variables are measured on a single experiment unit.

Answer 12

Bivariate data

Question 13

results when more than two variables are measured.

Answer 13

Multivariate data

Question 14

in a statistical study is the group of objects drawn about which conclusions are to be drawn.

Answer 14

Population

Question 15

is a subset of measurements selected from the population of interest.

Answer 15

Sample

Question 16

descriptive value for a population

Answer 16

Parameter

Question 17

measures a quality or characteristic on each experiment unit.

Answer 17

Qualitative Data

Question 18

measures a numerical quantity or amount on each experiment unit.

Answer 18

Quantitative data

Question 19

results from either a finite of possible values or countable number of possible values (That is, the number of possible values is 0, 1, or 2, and so on)

Answer 19

Discrete data

Question 20

results from many possible values that can be associated with points on a continuous scale in such a way that there are no gaps or interruptions.

Answer 20

Continuous Data

Question 21

Under qualitative data

Answer 21

Nominal scale and ordinal scale

Question 22

Uder quantitative data

Answer 22

Interval scale and ratio scale

Question 23

is characterized by the data that consist of
names, labels or categories only, and the
data cannot be arranged in an ordering
scheme.

Answer 23

Nominal

Question 24

involves data that may be arranged in some order, but differences between data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless.

Answer 24

Ordinal

Question 25

is like the ordinal level, with the a additional that meaningful amounts of differences between data can be determined. However, there is no inherent zero stating point.

Answer 25

Interval

Question 26

is the interval level modified to include
the inherent zero starting point. For values at this level, differences and ratios are meaningful.

Answer 26

Ratio

Question 27

is a well defined collection of distinct things or objects.

Answer 27

Set

Question 28

• of a set can be specified by simply listing the elements inside a pair of braces
• the things that belong to or contained in a set

Answer 28

Elements

Question 29

is any process that yields a measurement.

Answer 29

Experiment

Question 30

a set of all possible outcomes of a statistical experiment and represented by a symbol S. It can be also be called as a collection of simple events.

Answer 30

Sample Space

Question 31

-is a subset of a sample space. Event is any particular outcome or group of outcomes from an experiment.

Answer 31

Event

Question 32

is a subset that contains only one outcome (element) that
cannot be broke down (decomposed), into a simpler, more basic outcome.

Answer 32

Simple Event

Question 33

is defined as a subset of the sample space that contains more that one simple event. Denoted by Capital letters.

Answer 33

COMPOUND EVENT ( or composite event)

Question 34

the entire set can be considered to be a subset, as can a set that contains no elements at all.

Answer 34

EMPTY SET or NULL SET (  )

Question 35

of two events is the event that consists of all outcomes
that are contained in either of two events. We denote union
as A υ B

Answer 35

Union

Question 36

of two events is the event that consists of all outcomes that are contained in both of the two events. We denote the intersection as A  B.

Answer 36

Intersection

Question 37

of an event in a sample space is the set of outcomes in the
sample space that are not in the event. This subset is given by the symbol A ´.

Answer 37

Complement