Statistics Flashcards
What do you call a group that researchers want to learn more about?
Population
What do you call a group of individuals or data that are drawn from a population of interest?
Sample
What kind of data involves round, concrete numbers that are determined by counting?
Discrete Data (ex. 5)
What kind of data falls on a continuous spectrum?
Continuous Data (ex. 175.38)
Values are ____ in qualitative variables?
Values are words
Values are ____ in quantitative variables?
Values are numbers
Which term defines the average value of a set of numbers?
Mean
Which term defines the value of a set of numbers that falls in the middle?
Median
Which term defines the value that repeats most often?
Mode
What is standard deviation?
A measure of how spread out the data is
Which term describes the position of a data point in terms of its distance from the mean when measured in standard deviation units? (Hint: +1)
Z-Score
Which term is similar to Z-score except that is is used when you have a small population in which you don’t know the standard deviation?
T-Score
The _______ states that there is no relationship between the two variables being studied (one variable does not affect the other). It states that any observed results are due to random chance or experimental error.
Null Hypothesis
Which term helps you to determine the significance of your results in relation to the null hypothesis?
P-Value
_____ is a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.
Independent Variable
