Statistics

Question 1

It is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions.

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

Types of statistics

Answer 2

Descriptive and inferential

Question 3

it’s a tabular, graphical and numerical method for organizing and summarizing information clearly and effectively relating to either a population or sample.

Answer 3

Descriptive

Question 4

are the methods of drawing and measuring the reliability of conclusions about a statistical population based on information from a sample data set.

Answer 4

Inferentials

Question 5

is a collection of all possible individuals, objects or measurements of interest.

Answer 5

population

Question 6

is a measurable characteristic that assumes different values among the subjects.

Answer 6

variable

Question 7

It is the variable that is measured, predicted or monitored and is expected to be affected by manipulation of an independent variable.

Answer 7

Dependent variables

Question 8

It is a variable that a researcher manipulates in order to determine its effect or influence on another variable. They predict the amount of variation that occurs in other variables.

Answer 8

Independent variables

Question 9

Are variables that are non-numeric i.e., attributes e.g., Gender, Religion, Color, State of birth etc.

Answer 9

Qualitative variables

Question 10

are numeric variables. They can either be discrete or continuous.

Answer 10

Quantitative variables

Question 11

four levels of measurement

Answer 11

Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

Question 12

The observations are classified under a common characteristic e.g., sex, race, marital status, employment status, language, religion etc. helps in sampling.

Answer 12

Nominal level

Question 13

items or subjects are not only grouped into categories, but they are ranked into some order e.g., greater than, less than, superior, happier than, poorer, above etc. helps in developing a Likert scale.

Answer 13

Ordinal level

Question 14

numerals are assigned to each measure and ranked. The intervals between numerals are equal. The numerals used represent meaningful quantities but the zero point is not meaningful e.g., test scores, temperature.

Answer 14

Interval level

Question 15

has all the characteristics of the other levels and in addition the zero point is meaningful. Mathematical operations can be applied to yield meaningful values e.g., height, weight, distance, age, area etc.

Answer 15

Ratio level

Question 16

is used to summarize data and make sense out of the raw data collected during the research.

Answer 16

Descriptive statistics

Question 17

can be collected from primary and/or secondary sources.

Answer 17

Data

Question 18

consists of information that already exists somewhere having been collected for another purpose e.g., in government publications, periodicals, journals, books

Answer 18

Secondary data

Question 19

consists of original information gathered for the specific purpose through observation, interviews and questionnaires.

Answer 19

Primary data

Question 20

is the tendency of observations to cluster near the central part of the distribution.

Answer 20

Central tendency