Statistics

Question 1

Pearson advantages

Answer 1

The result being between 1 and -1 it is easy to decide wether the correlation is positive or negative

Tells us the strength of a relationship

Uses exactly values and therefore is very accurate.

Question 2

Pearson negatives

Answer 2

Highly affected by outliers

Difficult and time consuming to calculate

Assumes a linear relationship between variables.

Cannot explain trends

Question 3

Spearmen positives

Answer 3

The result being between 1 and -1 it is easy to decide wether the correlation is positive or negative

Tells us the strength of a relationship

Is not affected by outliers as uses ranked data

Much easier to calculate than Pearson.

Question 4

Spearmen negatives

Answer 4

The result does not explain the relationship

Less accurate as uses ranked data.

Question 5

Linear regression positives

Answer 5

Very simple to understand

Question 6

Linear regression negatives

Answer 6

Affected by outliers

Scatter graph needs to first be created to see if data is normally distributed

Can take very long to calculate as standard deviation and Pearson need to first be calculated.

Question 7

Standard Deviation positives

Answer 7

Can always be calculated

Very accurate as takes into consideration all values

Question 8

Standard deviation negatives

Answer 8

Difficult to compare to different sets with different means

Assumes normal distribution

Is affected by outliers.

Question 9

Nearest neighbour advantages

Answer 9

It can confirm a theory or hypothesis

It allows comparisons to be made between different areas or see how an area changes over time

Easy to understand and interpret.

Question 10

Nearest neighbour disadvantages

Answer 10

It does not take into consideration the size of regions

Cannot be used in irregular shaped areas where a geographic feature separates the nearest neighbour

It can be difficult to identify settlement boundaries.

Question 11

Chi squared advantages

Answer 11

Tests associations between variables

Useful when data is grouped into classes

Can be compared to a significance table

Useful when measuring the difference between observed and expected data.

Question 12

Chi squared disadvantages

Answer 12

Cannot use percentages

The number of observations must be more than 20

Complicated to calculate

The test becomes invalid if the expected result is less than 5.

Question 13

Mean advantages

Answer 13

Easy to calculate and understand

Uses all the data to find the answer

Useful for ratio and interval data

Question 14

Mean disadvantages

Answer 14

It is affected by outliers

Question 15

Medien advantages

Answer 15

It is not affected by outliers

Very easy to calculate

Good with ordinal data (ordered).

Question 16

Medien disadvantages

Answer 16

Can be a lengthy process when there is a large set of numbers

Cannot be used in conjunction with statistical tests.

Question 17

Mode advantages

Answer 17

It is not affected by outliers

It is easy to calculate and understand

Can be found in non-numerical data.

Question 18

Mode disadvantages

Answer 18

There can be more than one mode or no mode at all

It ignores most of the data.

Question 19

Interquartile range advantages

Answer 19

Good for ordinal data

Question 20

Interquartile range disadvantages

Answer 20

Time consuming and easier to calculate

Does not use all the data.

Question 21

When is a chi squared used?

Answer 21

To test wether there is a relationship between two data sets.

Question 22

When is a nearest neighbour analysis used?

Answer 22

Nearest neighbour gives a numerical value to the spatial distribution of a phenomena.

Question 23

What does a spearmen and a Pearson test?

Answer 23

The direction and strength of a relationship between two variables.