Station 4: Lower limb - applied osteology

Question 1

Typically, what position is the lower limb in a neck of femur fracture?

Answer 1

Shortened and externally rotated

Question 2

Where does the femur normally fracture?

Answer 2

NOF

Question 3

With a distal femur fracture, which structures are vulnerable to injury?

Answer 3

Perhaps the popliteal artery????

Question 4

What structures are damaged in a dislocation of the knee?

Answer 4

Common fibular nerve
Popliteal artery
Both cruciate ligaments and at least one collateral ligament

Question 5

What is a midfoot fracture? How does it commonly occur?

Answer 5

Lisfranc fracture
Often with base of 2nd metatarsal fracture
RTAs

Question 6

Which bones in the foot could get fractured as a result of a fall on the heel?

Answer 6

Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular

Question 7

Which other fractures may occur if an individual jumps from a height?

Answer 7

• Pilon fracture of tibia = talus drives into distal tibia
• Knee dislocation
• Femur usually spared
• Femur fractures lip of acetabulum with dislocation
• Sacral fracture (50% lateral foramina, L5 nerve root)
• Vertical displacement with anterior/posterior fractures through sacroiliac joints
• vertebral burst fracture of thoracolumbar and c-spine
• ring fracture of foramen magnum

Question 8

What are the classifications of a Salter-Harris fracture?

Answer 8

Type I - V