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Physics > Static and Current Electricity > Flashcards

Static and Current Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Polythene rod

A

Gains electrons

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2
Q

Perspex rods

A

Loses electrons

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3
Q

Earthing.

A

Occurs when a charged object loses its charge to the earth through a conductor

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4
Q

An electric current

A

Is a flow of Electric charge

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5
Q

Conductors

A

Are substances which allow electric current to flow through them freely

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6
Q

Insulators

A

Are substances which do not allow electric current to flow through them freely

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7
Q

Closed circuit

A

Is needed for current to flow. If there is a break the current won’t flow

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8
Q

Energy is provided

A

By a battery or power pack,it is needed to move the current around the circuit

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9
Q

The battery pumps electrons

A

From its negative end back to the positive end around the circuit

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10
Q

The electrons are attracted

A

Back to the positive end of the battery

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11
Q

Potential difference

A

The difference in elctrical pressure between the positive end of a battery and negative ends of a battery

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12
Q

Whenever there is a potential difference

A

Electricity will flow

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13
Q

This potential difference is known as

A

Voltage and is measured in volts

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14
Q

Resistence

A

Is the opposition to the flow of electrons. The unit is Ohm, and it is measured using an Ohmeter

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15
Q

If a resister

A

Is placed in an electric circuit, it will slow down the flow of electrons

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16
Q

Ohms Law

A

Ohms law states that vo,take is directly proportional to current.

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17
Q

Static electricity

A

A build of electric charge that can build up on good insulators

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18
Q

DC

A

Direct current goes in one direction only

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19
Q

AC

A

Alternating current changes very quickly, many times a second

20
Q

Mains supply

A

is A.C

It flows at a potential difference of 230V

21
Q

The ring circuit

A

Made of live, neutral and earth wires.

Sockets are tapped off at points along the ring circuit

22
Q

Fuse

A

Is a safety device that prevents the circuit from overheating.
It will melt when it is too hot.

23
Q

Circuit breakers

A

Is used in the rise board of the home, and this trips, to stop the flow of the current from entering the house

24
Q

Live wire

A

Is brown and carries most electricity it is connected to the plugs fuse on the right hand side.

25
Q

Neutral wire

A

Is blue and is connected to the left hand side

26
Q

Earth wire

A

Is a safety wire, no electricity flows in the earth wire unless the appliance it is attached to becomes “live” eg toaster, in this case the earth instead of you electrocuting yourself should you touch the toaster

27
Q

The watt

A

Is the unit of electrical power

28
Q

The ESBcharges a fee for the number of

A

kilowatts used per hour

29
Q

ESBs unit of electricity is

A

The kilowatt hour

30
Q

A kilowatt hour is

A

The electrical energy used by a 1Kw appliance running for one hour

31
Q

Heating effect

A

Boil water in a kettle, immersion heater, electric cooker, fuse in plug

32
Q

Chemical effect

A

Electroplating cheap metal with more expensive metal e.g. silver, electrolysis (splitting) of water, mobile phone battery

33
Q

Magnetic effect

A

Electromagnet made with a wire wrapped around a nail, electric motor, speakers, circuit breakers in a fuse board

34
Q

Electronics

A

Is the careful and exact control of tiny amounts of electric current

35
Q

Diode

A

Is a component which allows current to flow n one direction only

36
Q

Forward biased

A

If the positive end of a battery is connected to the positive end of the diode the current can flow

37
Q

Reverse biased

A

If the positive end of the battery is connected to the negative end of the diode it is said to be reverse biased and no electricity can flow

38
Q

A diode can be used to

A

Change alternating current into direct current

39
Q

Electronic devices such as radios, tape recorders and calculators

A

Need low voltage direct current

40
Q

A light emitting diode

A

Is a diode that gives out light when a current flows through it

41
Q

Current will only flow when LED

A

is forward biased

42
Q

LEDs use only tiny currents so

A

A resistor must be connected in series with it

43
Q

LEDs are useful as they are cheap

A

Reliable and long lasting and use far less current than other light bulbs

44
Q

A light dependent resistor

A

Is a resistor whose resistance depends on light

45
Q

When light falls on an LDR

A

It’s resistance decreases, this low resistance will allow a current though the circuit

Physics (7 decks)

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