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Physics > Static And Current Electricity > Flashcards

Static And Current Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Conductors

A

Are substances which allow electric current to flow through them freely

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2
Q

Insulators

A

Are substances which do not allow electric current to flow through them

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3
Q

Closed circuit

A

Is needed for the current to flow, if there is a break the current won’t flow

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4
Q

Energy provided

A

By battery or power pack, needed to move the current around the circuit

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5
Q

Battery pumps electrons

A

from its negative end around the circuit

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6
Q

Electrons are attracted

A

Back to the positive end of battery

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7
Q

Potential difference

A

The difference in electrical pressure between the positive and negative ends of battery / power pack

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8
Q

Whenever there is a potential difference

A

Electricity will flow

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9
Q

This potential difference is known as

A

Voltage and is measured in volts

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10
Q

Resistance

A

Is the opposition to the flow of electrons the unit is ohm and it is measured using an ohmmeter

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11
Q

If a resistor is placed in an electric circuit

A

It will slow down the flow of electrons

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12
Q

Electric current

A

Is a flow of electric charge

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13
Q

Ac

A

Alternating current changes very quickly many times a second

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14
Q

Dc

A

Direct current goes in one direction only eg. The current from battery

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15
Q

Live wire

A

Is brown and carries most electricity it is connected to the plugs fuse is on the right side

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16
Q

Neutral wire

A

Blue connected to Left hand side

17
Q

Earth wire

A

Safety wire, no electricity flows in the earth wire unless the appliance it is attached because live eg toaster in this case the earth wire would carry the current to the earth instead of you electrocuting yourself should you touch the toaster

18
Q

Watt

A

Unit of electrical power

19
Q

Esb

A

Charges a free for the number of kilowatts

20
Q

Esb unit

A

Is the kilowatt hour (kWh)

21
Q

A kilowatt hour

A

Is the electrical emergent used by a 1kW appliance running for the 1 hour

22
Q

Heating effect

A

Boil water in kettle, immersion heater, electric cooker and fuse in plug

23
Q

Chemical effect

A

Electroplating cheap metal with more expensive metal eg. Silver electrolysis (splitting) of water mobile phone battery

24
Q

Magnetic effect

A

Electromagnet made with a wire wrapped around a nail, electric motor, speakers. Circuit breaker in fuse board

25
Q

Electronics

A

Is the careful and exact control of tiny amounts of electric current

26
Q

Is a component that will allow current to flow in one direction only

A

Diode

27
Q

Forward biased

A

If the positive end of a battery is connected to the positive end of diode the Current can flow

28
Q

Reverse biased

A

If the positive end of the battery is connected to the negative end of the diode no electricity can flow

29
Q

Diode current can be used

A

To change alternating current into direct current

30
Q

Electronic devices such as radios tape recorders and calculators

A

Need low voltage direct current

31
Q

They work off the main esb supply which is a high voltage alternating current

A

Because they have an adaptor built into them

32
Q

The adapter has a transformer which reduces the voltage and a diode

A

Which changes the current from ac to dc

33
Q

Light emitting diode

A

Is a diode that gives out light when a current flows through it

34
Q

Current will only flow when led

A

Is forward biased

35
Q

Leds use only tiny currents

A

A resistor must be connected in series with it

36
Q

Leds are useful as they are

A

Cheap, reliable and long lasting and use far less current than other light bulbs

37
Q

Light dependent resistor

A

Is a resistor whose resistance depends on light

38
Q

When light falls on an ldr

A

it’s resistance decreases, this low resistance will allow a current through the circuit

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