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Physics > Static and current Electricity > Flashcards

Static and current Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Polythene rod

A

Gains electrons if a woollen cloth is rubbed on it (becomes negatively charged)

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2
Q

A Perspex rod

A

Looses electrons

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3
Q

Earthing

A

Occurs when a charged object looses its charge to the earth through a conductor

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4
Q

Static electricity

A

A build up of electric charge that can occur on good insulators e.g. Polythene and Perspex rods

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5
Q

Current electricity

A

Is the flow of electric charge

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6
Q

Conductors

A

Are substances which allow electric current to flow through them freely

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7
Q

Insulators

A

Are substances which do not allow electric current to flow through them

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8
Q

Closed circuits

A

A closed circuit is needed for the current to flow, if there is a break in a circuit then the current won’t flow

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9
Q

Energy is provided

A

By a battery or power pack is needed to move the current around the circuit

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10
Q

The battery pumps electrons

A

From its negative and around a circuit

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11
Q

The electrons are attracted

A

Back to the positive end of the battery

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12
Q

Potential difference

A

The difference in electrical pressure between the positive and negative ends of a battery/power pack

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13
Q

Whenever there is potential difference

A

Electricity will flow

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14
Q

This potential difference is known as

A

Voltage and is measured in volts

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15
Q

Resistance

A

Is the opposition to the flow of electrons. The unit is the Ohm and it is measured using a Ohmmeter

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16
Q

If a resistor

A

Is placed in an electric circuit it will slow down the flow of electrons

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17
Q

DC

A

DC goes in one direction only e.g. The current from a battery

18
Q

AC

A

AC changes very quickly, many times a second

19
Q

Mains supply

A

The mains supply (the electricity in our homes, supplied by the ESB) is A.C.
It flows at a potential difference of 230 volts

20
Q

The ring circuit

A

Made of live, neutral, and earth wires

Sockets are tapped off at points along this ring circuit

21
Q

Fuses

A

Is a safety device that prevents the circuit from overheating
It will melt when it is too hot, breaking the circuit

22
Q

Circuit breakers

A

Kiss used in the fuse board of the home, and this trips, to stop the flow of current from entering the house
When a fuse blows it has to be replaced, modern houses have circuit breakers which act like a bimetallic strip and simply switch off if the current to ……….

23
Q

Live wire

A

Is brown and carries most electricity it is connected to the plugs fuse on the right hand side

24
Q

The neutral wire is blue and is connected to the left hand side

A

is blue and is connected to the left hand side

25
Q

The watt

A

Is the unit of electrical power

26
Q

The ESB charges a fee for the number of kilowatts (1000 watts) used per hour

A

kilowatts (1000 watts) used per hour

27
Q

ESB’s unit of electricity

A

is the kilowatt hour (kWh)

28
Q

A kilowatt hour

A

Is the electrical energy used by a 1kW appliance running for 1 hour

29
Q

Heating effect

A

Boil water in a kettle, immersion heater, electric cooker, fuse in plug

30
Q

Chemical effect

A

Electroplating cheap metal with more expensive metal e.g. Silver, electrolysis (splitting) of water, mobile phone battery

31
Q

Magnetic effect

A

Electromagnet made with a wire wrapped around a nail, electric motor, speakers, circuit breaker in fuse board

32
Q

Electronics

A

Is the careful and exact control of tiny amounts of electric current

33
Q

A diode

A

Is a component that will allow current to flow in one direction only
If the positive end of a battery is connected to the positive end of a diode the diode is said to be Forward Biased and current can flow
If the positive end of the battery is connected to the negative end of the diode it is said to be Reverse Biased and no electricity can flow

34
Q

A diode can be used

A

To change alternating current into direct current

35
Q

Electronic devices such as radios, tape recorders and calculators

A

Need low voltage direct current

36
Q

Light Emitting Diodes(LED)

A

Is a diode that gives out light when a current flows through it

37
Q

Current will only flow when LED

A

Is forward biased

38
Q

LED’s use only tiny currents

A

So a resistor must be connected in series with it

39
Q

LED’s are useful as they are

A

Cheap, reliable and long lasting and use far less current than other light bulbs

40
Q

Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)

A

Is a resistor whose resistance depends on light

41
Q

When light falls on a LDR

A

It’s resistance decreases, this low resistance will allow a current through the circuit

Physics (8 decks)

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