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Static and current Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Polythene rod

A

Gains electrons

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2
Q

Perspex rod

A

Loses electrons

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3
Q

Earthing

A

Occurs when a charged object loses its charge to the earth through a conductor

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4
Q

Static electricity

A

A build up of electric charge that can occur on good insulators e.g. Polythene and Perspex rods

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5
Q

Electric current

A

Is a flow of electric charge (electrons)

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6
Q

Conductors

A

Are substances which allow electric current to flow through them freely

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7
Q

Closed circuit

A

needed for the current to flow. If there is a break in a circuit then the current won’t flow.

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8
Q

Energy provided

A

By a battery or power pack,it is needed to move the current around the circuit

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9
Q

The battery pumps electrons

A

From its negative end around a circuit

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10
Q

The electrons are attached

A

Back to the positive end of the battery

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11
Q

Potential difference

A

The difference in electrical pressure between the positive and negative ends of a battery/power pack

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12
Q

Whenever there is a potential difference

A

Electricity will flow

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13
Q

This potential difference is known as

A

Voltage and is measured in volts

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14
Q

Resistance

A

Is the opposition to the flow of electrons the unit is the Ohm and it is measured using an ohmmeter

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15
Q

AC

A

Alternating current changes very quickly, many times a second

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16
Q

DC

A

Direct current goes in one direction only e.g. The current in a battery

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17
Q

Mains supply

A

A.C. It flows at a potential difference of 230 volts

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18
Q

The ring circuit

A

Made of live neutral and earth wires. Sockets are tapped off at points along this ring circuit

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19
Q

The mains supply

A

Is AC it flows at a potential difference of 230volts

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20
Q

Ring circuits

A

Made of live neutral and earth wires . Sockets are tapped off at points along this ring circuit

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21
Q

Fuse

A

A fuse is a safety device that prevents the circuit from overheating.
It will melt when it is too hot breaking the circuit

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22
Q

Circuit breaker

A

A circuit breaker is used in the fuse board of the home and this trips to stop the flow of current from entering the house

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23
Q

Live wire

A

The live wire is brown and carries most electricity it is connected to the plugs fuse on the right hand side

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24
Q

Neutral wire

A

The neutral wire is blue and is connected to the left the hand side

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25
Watt (W)
Is the unit of electrical power
26
ESB charges a fee for the number of
Kilowatts (1000 Watts) used per hour
27
ESB's unit of electricity is
The kilowatt hour (kWh)
28
A Kilowatt hour is
The electrical energy used by a 1kW appliance running for 1 hour
29
Earth Wire
The earth wire is a safety wire no electricity flows in the earth wire unless the appliance it is attached to becomes "live" eg a toaster in this case the
30
Watt
The watt is the unit of electrical power
31
The ESB charges a fee for the number of
Kilowatts (1000Watts) used per hour
32
ESB 's unit of electricity
Is the kilowatt hour
33
A kilowatt hour
A kilowatt hour is the electrical energy used by a 1 kW appliance running for1 hour
34
Fuse
Is a safety device that prevents the circuit from over heating,it will melt when it is too hot,breaking the circuit
35
Circuit breakers
Is used in the fuse board of the home, and this trips, to stop the flow of current from entering the house
36
Heating effect
Boil water in a kettle immersion heater electric cooker fuse in a plug
37
Chemical effect
Electroplating cheap metal with more expensive metal e.g. Silver , electrolysis (splitting) of water , mobile phone battery
38
Magnetic effect
Electromagnet made with a wire wrapped around a nail electric motor speakers circuit breaker in fuse board
39
Live wire
Is brown and carries most electricity it is connected to the fuse on the right hand side
40
Neutral wire
Is blue and is connected to the left hand side
41
DC
Direct current goes in one direction only e.g. The current from a battery
42
AC
Alternating current changes very quickly many times a second
43
Electronics
Is the careful and exact control of tiny amounts of electric current
44
A diode
Is a component that will allow current to flow in one direction only
45
Forward biased
If the positive end of a battery is connected to the positive end of a diode the diode is said to be "forward biased" and current can flow
46
Reverse biased
If the positive end of the battery is connected to the negative end of the diode it is said to be "reverse biased" and no electricity can flow
47
A diode can be used to...
Change the alternating current to direct current
48
Electronic devices such as radios, tape recorders and calculators
Need low voltage direct current
49
A light emitting diode
Is a diode that gives out light when a current flows through it
50
Current will only flow when a LED is...
Forward biased
51
LED's use only tiny currents so...
A resistor must be connected in series with it
52
LED's are useful as they are...
Cheap,reliable and long lasting and use far less current than other light bulbs
53
A Light Dependent Resistor is ...
A resistor that whose resistance depends on light
54
When lit falls on a LDR
Its resistance decreases, this low resistance will allow a current through the circuit
55
Heating effect
boil water in a kettle, immersion heater, electric cooker , fuse in plug
56
Chemical effect
Electroplating cheap metal with more expensive metal e.g. Silver, electrolysis (splitting) of water, mobile phone battery
57
Magnetic effect
Electromagnet made with a wire wrapped around a nail, electric motor,speakers, circuit breaker in fuse board
58
Electronics
Electronics is the careful and exact control of tiny amounts of electric current
59
Diodes
A diode is a component that will allow current to flow in one direction only
60
Forward Biased
If the positive end of a battery is connected to the positive end of a diode the diode is said to be forward biased and current can flow
61
Reverses Biased
If the positive end of the battery is connected to the negative end of the diode it is said to be Reverse Biased and no electricity can flow
62
A diode can be used to
A diode can be used to Change alternating current into direct current
63
Electronic devices such as radios need low voltage direct current
H
64
A light emitting diode
A light emitting diode that gives light when a current flows through it
65
Current will only flow when LED is
Current will only flow when LED is forward biased
66
LEDs use only tiny currents so
D
67
LED s are useful as they are
LED s are useful as they are cheap reliable and long lasting and use far less current than other light bulbs
68
A light Dependent Resistor
A light Dependent Resistor is a resistor who's resistance depends on light
69
When light falls on an LDR
When light falls on an LDR its resistance decreases this low resistance will allow a current through the circuit

Physics (11 decks)

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