States of Water & Water Cycle Flashcards
What are the 3 states of water?
solid (ice, snow, hail), liquid (water, mist, dew, fog) and gaseous (water vapour, steam)
What is the freezing point of water?
0°C
What is the melting point of water?
0°C
What happens during freezing?
water (liquid state) loses heat and reaches its freezing point, it freezes and changes from liquid to solid state to form ice.
What happens during melting?
ice (solid state) gains heat from the surrounding, it melts and changes from solid to liquid state to form water.
What is the boiling point of water?
100°C
What happens during boiling?
water (liquid state) boils at 100°C, it gains heat and changes from liquid to gaseous state to form steam.
What is evaporation of water?
change in state of water from liquid to gaseous state before reaching boiling point.
What happens during the process of evaporation?
water (liquid state) gains heat from the surrounding, it changes from liquid to gaseous state to form water vapour.
What factors affect the rate of evaporation of water?
Presence of wind, exposed surface area of water and temperature of surroundings (W.E.T) affect the rate of evaporation of water.
How is boiling and evaporation of water different?
Boiling only occurs at 100°C but evaporation occurs at any temperature.
What is condensation?
change in state of water from gaseous to liquid state.
What happens during the condensation?
When (warm) water vapour touches a cooler surface and loses heat, water vapour condenses to form water droplets.
What is the water cycle?
the movement of water from the Earth to the sky and back to the Earth in a continuous way.
Why is the water cycle important?
The water cycle is important as it ensures a continuous supply of fresh water for living things.
How is the sun important in the water cycle?
Heat from the sun heats up water in the water bodies so that water can evaporate to form water vapour.
How are clouds formed?
Water vapour rises into the sky, loses heat to the cooler air and condenses to form tiny water droplets that gather to form clouds.
How is water returned to Earth as freshwater?
When water droplets become big and heavy, they fall from the clouds as rain, snow or hail.
