States of Matter and Density Flashcards
What is the formula for density
D = M/V (mass over volume)
Does a high density object fall quickly or slowly when placed in water?
quickly
If a liquid has a density of 0.45 g/ml will it sink or float
float
If a substance has a density of 4.37 g/ml and you place a 4.57 g/ml object in the substance will it sink or float?
Sink
What is the density of water?
1 g/ml
If the volume of an object increases than what happens to the density?
It goes down
If the mass of an object increases what happens to the density?
It goes up
Why is salt water denser than fresh water?
more particles = salt adds mass = more matter in same volume
Which is more dense, cold or hot water? Why?
Cold. This is because the molecules are closer together than hot water.
What are some characteristics of a liquid?
The particles of a liquid are attracted to one another, The particles of a liquid are in motion, The particles of a liquid are able to move past each other and a liquid has mass and volume.
What are the characteristics of a solid?
The particles of a solid are attracted to one another, The particles of a solid vibrate but do not move past one another, a solid has mass and volume.
What are the characteristics of a gas?
The particles are not very attracted to each other and the particles of a gas are further apart than the particles in a liquid or solid.
What is evaporation?
Liquid –> gas
what is condensation?
Gas –> Liquid
- the water on your glass
Melting
Solid –> Liquid
- when ice melts in your water
Freezing
Liquid –> Solid
- when you make ice
Sublimation
Solid –> Gas
- dry ice
Deposition
Gas –> Solid
- need example
What is the difference in density of solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids are the most densely packed having a fixed shape and volume while gas isn’t densely packed having no fixed shape or volume.
Can you compress solids? Liquids? Gases?
No, No, Yes.
When matter changes state does its mass change?
No it doesn’t.
What are the freezing temperature and boiling temperature in C and F in water?
Freezing: 0 C and 32 F
Boiling: 100 C and 212 F
True or False: In the 3 states of matter, in every phase change the mass stays the exact same but the volume may change.
True
Does fresh water or saltwater have a higher boiling point? lower freezing point? Density?
Fresh. Salt. Salt
Why does ice float in water?
Because its hydrogen bonds are so in order that they’re spread apart. But also because ice cubes have very little kinetic energy. Because of this, they become less dense than water making them float. Also, the volume of water increases when it freezes by 9%.
Why is heat the only thing that transfers and not cold?
Because, in terms of science, there is no such thing as cold. Only lack of warmth.
What does heat have to do with kinetic energy?
In substances that are hotter than others, you will notice that their molecules are moving much more and faster. That’s why when water gets really hot it starts to bubble/boil. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion so heat is kinetic.
Which state of matter has the least and most energy?
Gas has the most and solid has the least.
Thermometers measure density. Saying this, why would two different liquids at the exact same temperature measurements at different places on the thermometer?
Because two different substances mean two different densities.
Why is saltwater sea ice worse to skate on than freshwater sea ice?
Because fresh water has a higher boiling point meaning it’s harder to melt fresh water so it’s safer to skate on fresh water.
what are the 5 states of matter
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma and bose-einstein compensate
What are the states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate
what formation does ice make?
Crystalline
what is sea level rise? What are the three main factors of sea level rise?
Sea level rise is the rise of global sea levels. The three main factors are thermal expansion, the melting of glacier mountains and the melting of polar ice caps.
When does water expand?
When it heats up (thermal expansion) and when it freezes (expands by 9%).
Which states of matter can compress?
Only gas.
What is matter?
Matter makes up everything in the world and is the measurement of mass.
What does it mean that Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas?
It means it traps the heat into our atmosphere.
What has the global average surface temperature been like recently?
It has been rising marking 2020 as the hottest ever due to humans.
What is happening to sea ice?
It deforms it’s shape and is now shrinking.
