states of matter Flashcards
solid
- the molecules are really close to each other
- they do not move or they move a little bit
- low energy
- specific shape/form
- specific volume
liquid
- the molecules are a bit further away
- they move a bit
- medium energy
- NOT specific shape/form
- shape of the container
- specific volume
gas
- the molecules are far apart - all over the place
- they move a lot
- lot’s of energy
- NOT specific shape/form
- shape of the container
- NOT specific volume
temperature
shows the speed of molecules - how fast or slow they move
it is measured in Celsius or Kelvin
heat
form of energy
it is moved from one object to another one
it is measured in Joules (symbol J)
condensation
from gas to liquid
freezing
from liquid to solid
evaporation
from liquid to gas
melting
from solid to liquid
relationship between Celsius and Kelvin
temp C + 273 = temp K
melting point
the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid.
Not a solid , not a liquid → something in between
boiling point
the temperature at which it changes
State from liquid to gas
Not a liquid , not a gas → something in between
density
Density shows how much mass is contained in a specific volume.
Density = mass/volume d = m/v
To measure the density of an object , you need to find its mass and its volume . We measure density in kgr/lt or kgr/ml
mass
Mass is the property of an object and measures its resistance to the change in its state of motion. We measure it in kilograms .We use a balance to measure the mass of an object .
volume
Volume is the amount of space an item takes up.We measure it in liter or milliliters . We use a volumetric cylinder to measure the volume of liquids .
