States of Matter Flashcards
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas.
In the particle model, what do the solid spheres represent?
Particles (it could be a molecule, an ion or an atom).
How strong are the forces of attraction between particles in solids?
The forces of attraction are strong in solids.
What is the result of solids having strong forces of attraction?
They are held together in fixed positions in a regular lattice arrangement.
Do the particles move from their positions in solids?
No.
If the particles in solids don’t move, what does this tell you about solids?
They keep a definitive shape and volume.
How much energy do the particles in solids have?
The particles in a solid don’t have much energy.
How do solids vibrate?
They only vibrate about their fixed positions.
What happens when a solid becomes hotter?
They vibrate more, causing them to expand slightly.
How strong are the forces of attraction between particles in liquids?
There is some force of attraction between the particles.
What is the result of liquids having some forces of attraction?
They’re free to move past each other, but they tend to stick together.
Do the particles move from their positions in liquids?
Yes, they’re free to move past each other, but they tend to stick together.
If the particles in liquids are free to move past each other, what does this tell you about liquids?
They don’t keep a definitive shape and will flow to fill the bottom of a container. But they do keep the same volume.
How much energy do the particles in liquids have?
Particles in any substance have more energy in the liquid state than solid state, but less energy than the gas state.
How to liquids vibrate?
The particles are constantly moving with random motion.
What happens when a liquid becomes hotter?
The hotter the liquid gets, the faster the particles move. This causes liquids to expand slightly when heated.
How strong are the forces of attraction between particles in gases?
There’s next to no force of attraction between the particles.
What is the result of gases having strong forces of attraction?
The particles are free to move, and travel in straight lines and only interact when they collide.
Do the particles move from their positions in gases?
Yes, they’re free to move, and travel in straight lines and only interact when they collide.
If the particles in gases don’t move, what does this tell you about gases?
They don’t keep a definitive shape or volume and will always fill any container.
How much energy do the particles in gases have?
Particles in any substance in the gas state have more energy than in the solid state or liquid state.
How do gases vibrate?
The particles move constantly with random motion.
What happens when a gas becomes hotter?
The hotter the gas gets, the faster the particles move. Gases either expand when heated, or their pressure increases.
When particles bounce off the walls of a container in the gas state, what is exerted on the walls?
A pressure is exerted on the walls of the container.
