states of matter

Question 1

alchemists

Answer 1

olden-day ‘chemist’ who mixed chemicals and tried to change ordinary metals into gold.

Question 2

investigations

Answer 2

activity aimed at finding information

Question 3

observations

Answer 3

information obtained by the use of our senses or measuring instruments

Question 4

scientists

Answer 4

people skilled in or working in the fields of science.

Question 5

elements

Answer 5

pure substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 6

atoms

Answer 6

a very small particle that makes up all things.

Question 7

atomic number

Answer 7

number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 8

solid

Answer 8

state of matter that has a fixed shape and volume

Question 9

liquid

Answer 9

state of matter that has a fixed volume, but no fixed shape

Question 10

gas

Answer 10

state of matter with no fixed shape or volume

Question 11

properties

Answer 11

characteristics or features of an object or substance

Question 12

diffusion

Answer 12

the spreading of one substance through another due to the movement of their particles

Question 13

volume

Answer 13

the amount of space taken up by an object or substance

Question 14

fluid:

Answer 14

a substance that flows and has no fixed shape. Gases and liquids are fluids.

Question 15

melting point

Answer 15

the temperature at which a solid substance turns into a liquid (melts) or a liquid turns into a solid (freezes)

Question 16

boiling point

Answer 16

the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas

Question 17

sublimation

Answer 17

the change in state from a solid into a gas (or from a gas into a solid) without first becoming a liquid

Question 18

precipitation

Answer 18

falling water in solid or liquid form. The type of precipitation depends mostly on the temperature in the clouds and the air around them

Question 19

meteorologist

Answer 19

scientist who uses observation of the atmosphere to predict or explain the weather

Question 20

particle model

Answer 20

a description of the moving particles that make up all matter and how they behave. The model explains the properties of solids, liquids and gases.

Question 21

expands

Answer 21

increase in size due to the movement of particles in a substance

Question 22

contracts

Answer 22

shorten or become smaller in size

Question 23

chemical symbol

Answer 23

the standard way that scientists write the names of the elements, using either a capital letter or a capital followed by a lowercase letter. For example, carbon is C and copper is Cu.

Question 24

compounds

Answer 24

substance made up of two or more different types of atoms that have been joined (bonded) together

Question 25

bonded

Answer 25

force that holds particles of matter, such as atoms, together

Question 26

mixtures

Answer 26

a combination of substances in which each keeps its own properties

Question 27

hydrogen:

Answer 27

the element with the smallest atom.

Question 28

oxygen

Answer 28

a gas in the air (and water) that animals need to breathe in; made up of particles with two oxygen atoms.

Question 29

metals:

Answer 29

elements that conduct heat and electricity; shiny solids that can be made into thin wires and sheets that bend easily.

Question 30

non-metals

Answer 30

elements that do not conduct electricity or heat. They melt and turn into gases easily and are brittle and often coloured.

Question 31

metalloids

Answer 31

elements that have the appearance of metals but not all the other properties of metals

Question 32

periodic table

Answer 32

The elements are grouped according to their properties and in order of the number of protons in their nucleus.

Question 33

group

Answer 33

in the periodic table of elements, a single vertical column of elements whith a similar nature

Question 34

inert

Answer 34

not reactive

Question 35

noble gas

Answer 35

elements in the last column of the periodic table. They are extremely inert gases.