states of matter

Question 1

What is the criteria for a liquid?

Answer 1

• can flow and change shape
• fixed volume
• hard to compress
• occupy slightly more space than when solid

Question 2

What is the criteria for a gas?

Answer 2

• no fixed shape
• no fixed volume
• can be compressed easily

Question 3

What is the kinetic theory of matter based on?

Answer 3

The fact that all matter is made up of tiny particles

Question 4

What does the kinetic theory of matter describe within each state of matter?

Answer 4

• the movement of particles

* the average distance between particles

Question 5

How are the particles arranged in a solid?

Answer 5

• each particle is touching its nearest neighbours
• remain in this fixed arrangement
• cannot move around
• particles vibrate constantly

Question 6

How are the particles arranged in a liquid?

Answer 6

• particles are very close together
• can move around past each other
• results in a constantly changing, random arrangement of particles

Question 7

How are the particles arranged in a gas?

Answer 7

• have much more space, on average, between them
• can move around at high speeds and in any direction
• particles have a random arrangement

Question 8

Why does the pressure of a gas increase with temperature in a sealed container?

Answer 8

• the hotter the gas is, the faster the particles move
• the pressure of the gas is caused by the particles colliding with the sides of the container
• the more frequent and energetic the collisions, the higher the pressure of the gas

Question 9

What is the criteria for a solid?

Answer 9

• fixed shape
• fixed volume
• cannot be compressed