States of Matter

Question 1

what are the four common states of matter?

Answer 1

• solid
• liquid
• gas
• plasma

Question 2

what is plasma?

Answer 2

this is super heated gas that is stripped of electrons.

Question 3

what are the properties of solid compounds?

Answer 3

• they have definite shapes.
• they do not flow.
• solids are usually denser than liquids and gases.
• the atoms or molecules in a solid are tightly packed and usually in a regular pattern. they vibrate in fixed positions.

Question 4

what are examples of solids in the body?

Answer 4

bones, teeth, muscles and tendons.

Question 5

what are properties of liquids?

Answer 5

• they take on the shape of their container.
• they have a fixed volume.
• they have a distant surface.
• they can flow.
• the atoms in a liquid are close together with no regular arrangement. they vibrate, move about and slide past eachother.

Question 6

what are the properties of gases?

Answer 6

• they have no fixed shape. they take on the shape of the entire container.
• they have no fixed volume. their volume changes with temperature and pressure.
• gases can flow.
• gases have lower density than solids or liquids.
• the atoms or molecules in a gas are well separated with no regular arrangement. they vibrate and move freely at high speeds.

Question 7

what are the properties of plasma?

Answer 7

• plasma has no fixed shape and no fixed volume.
• unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive and produce EM fields.
• stars are made of plasma, so plasma is the most abundant form of matter in the universe.

Question 8

how is plasma produced?

Answer 8

it is produced when electrons are removed from atoms (usually in a gas) by compete ionisation.

Question 8

how many elements have been identified?

Answer 8

118

Question 9

how many elements make up majority of mass in the human body and what are they?

Answer 9

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen.

Question 10

how is an atom organised?

Answer 10

protons and neutrons occupy the nucleus (the dense central core of the atom) and the electrons occupy the space around the nucleus.

Question 10

what is the charge, relative mass and mass of a proton?

Answer 10

charge = +1
relative mass = 1
mass =10(-27)

Question 10

what are the three subatomic particles?

Answer 10

• protons
• neutrons
• electrons

Question 11

what is the charge, relative mass and mass of a neutron?

Answer 11

charge = 0
relative mass = 1
mass = 10(-27)

Question 11

hat is the charge, relative mass and mass of an electron?