States Of Matter🧪🔬

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Matter : Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

Mass

Answer 2

Mass is the amount of matter in an object

Question 3

Properties of solids

Answer 3

1) solids have a definite shape
2) solids have a definite volume
3) solids cannot be compressed
4) solids cannot flow

Question 4

Properties of liquids

Answer 4

1. Liquids have no definite shape
2. Liquids have a definite volume
3. Liquids cannot be compressed
4. Liquids cannot flow

Question 5

Gases

Answer 5

1. Gases have no definite shape
2. Gases have no definite volume
3. Gases can be compressed
4. Gases can flow

Question 6

Energy

Answer 6

• In order for a substance to change state (from a solid to a liquid,, liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy
• As a substance changes state, it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

Question 7

Melting point, boiling point, condensation

Answer 7

• The melting point is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid liquid).
• The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas)
• Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid
• Sublimation: some substances do not change from a solid to a liquid when they melt, they change straight from a solid to a gas. E.g. solid carbon dioxide is known as dry ice and turns into a gas when heated

Question 8

Diffusion

Answer 8

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Eg spray perfume in one corner of the room, and it spreads to the rest of the room

Question 9

Filtration

Answer 9

Used to separate small insoluble
solids (do not dissolve in a liquid)
from a liquid by using filter paper
and a funnel to trap the solids. E.g.
sand and water.

Question 10

Evaporation

Answer 10

Used to separate soluble solids
(dissolve in liquids) from a
solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt
water.
Pg 169

Question 11

Distillation

Answer 11

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78o) and water
(boils at 100 o). Also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give pure sample of each pg 169

Question 12

Chromatography

Answer 12

Used to separate a mixture of
dissolved substances in a
solution. E.g. the different
colours in a black marker.
Pg 168

Answer 13

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Question 14

🤓

Answer 14

Mixture– consists of two or more
substances mingled together but not
chemically combined
 Filtration– used to separate an
insoluble solid and a liquid
 Insoluble– does not dissolve in a
liquid
 Soluble– dissolves in a liquid

Question 15

🤓🤓🤓

Answer 15

Residue- the soil left in the filter paper after
filtration
 Filtrate- the clean water that comes after
filtration
 Evaporation- used to separate a soluble solid
from a liquid e.g. salt and water
 Solvent- the liquid that a solid is dissolved
into
 Solute- the solid that is left behind after
evaporation