States of Matter

Question 1

Define matter and state the particle theory. (2)

Answer 1

Matter is anything which occupies space and has a mass. (1)

The particle theory of matter is a model that describes the arrangement and movement of particles in a substance. The model is used to explain the physical properties of solids, liquids and gases. (1)

Question 2

Distinguish between the three main states of matter, solid, liquid and gas in terms of their particle arrangement. Give examples of each. (4)

Answer 2

PPT 4 (3)

Ice - Solid: Water - Liquid: Steam - Gas (1)

Question 3

What is a physical change? (1)

Answer 3

A physical change is when substance changes without becoming a new chemical. It can be reversed easily. (1)

Question 4

Define melting, boiling, evaporation, condensation
freezing and sublimation. (5)

Answer 4

Melting is when a solid turns into a liquid. (1)

Boiling is when bubbles of gas form throughout the liquid. (1)

Evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas. (1)

Freezing is when a liquid turns into a solid. (1)

Sublimation is when a solid turns straight into a gas. (1)

PPT 4 for more info.

Question 5

Define boiling and melting point. (2)

Answer 5

A boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas. (1)

A melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. (1)

Question 6

Is energy (usually thermal energy)
required for a change of state to occur? (1)

Answer 6

Yes. (1)

Question 7

Define diffusion. (1)

Answer 7

Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. (1)

Question 8

Describe gas pressure in terms of volume and
temperature. (1)

Answer 8

Gas pressure is the name given to the force exerted by gas particles colliding with the wall of their container. (1)