States of matter Flashcards
What is the particle theory
The three states of matter can be represented by a simple model. In
this model, particles are represented by small solid spheres.
Particle theory can help to explain melting, boiling, freezing and
condensing.
Solid particles structure and features
Regular arrangement
Vibrate around position
Very close
Liquid structure and features
Randomly arranged volume fixed
Can fill a container
Can move over around each other
particles pretty close
Gas structure and features
Randomly arranged
Move quickly in all directions
far apart
How is the amount of energy needed to change state decided
The amount of energy needed to change state from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas depends on the strength of the forces between the particles
The stronger the forces of attraction, the more energy that is needed to overcome them for a state change to occur
Therefore, the stronger the forces between the particles the higher the melting point and boiling point of the substance
Individuals atoms don’t have what of there bulk
Individual atoms do not have the physical properties of the substances that contain them. For example, a copper atom cannot conduct electricity, even though a piece of copper can do this.
What are the limitations of the particle theory
Particles are not inelastic in real life. Particles are not solid in real life. Particles are atoms , ions or molecules (in all shapes and sizes) Doesn’t show the forces acting between particles.
