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phleb > state exam > Flashcards

state exam Flashcards

1
Q

hirudo medicinalis

A

leech widens veins,numbs arount bit, makes blood not coagulate (clot)

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2
Q

what are leeches used for present day?

A

microsurgical replantation (stick skin together)

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3
Q

plebotomy present day

A

1.blood donations
2.polycythemia:excess blood
3. monitoring treatment

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4
Q

active listening

A

repeating what patient said in your own words. letting pt. know your listening

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5
Q

proxemics

A

appearance,touch (use of space)

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6
Q

CLIA

A

Clinical Laboratory Improvements Amendment 1988

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7
Q

quality control

A

checking equipment is properly working

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8
Q

quality assurance

A

phlebotomist doing what they are supposed to

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9
Q

what color are veins

A

blue

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10
Q

what color are arteries

A

red

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11
Q

what is blood pressure

A

pressure exerted on the walls of the lumen(vein) at any time

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12
Q

what is venipuncture

A

puncture of a vein only on the median cubital fossa

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13
Q

what is a capillary

A

artery turns into a vein

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14
Q

what color is arteriole blood

A

bright red

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15
Q

what are varicose veins

A

veins with damaged valves

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16
Q

why should you never fish for a vein

A

dangerous and can cause damage

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17
Q

what are erythrocytes and what do they do?

A

red blood cells that carry oxygen and contain hemoglobin

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18
Q

what are Leukocytes and what do they do

A

white blood cells that contain antibodies to fight infection

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19
Q

plasma contains

A

fibrinogen

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20
Q

what’s centerfused blood

A

spin blood that separates your red blood cells, platelets and plasma

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21
Q

how does centerfused blood look like

A

the white blood cells look like cotton that are called buffy coat

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22
Q

why does an enlarged buffy coat happen

A

because of an infection .the white cells multiply trying to fight off an infection

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23
Q

hemostasis

A

stoppage of bleeding

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24
Q

how long does blood take to begin to clot

A

35-45 seconds

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25
Q

phlebotomy tray includes supplies for how many patients

A

1 patient

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26
Q

phlebotomy cart contains supplies for

A

an entire day

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27
Q

inpatient

A

patient that has been in the facility more than 24 hourso

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28
Q

outpatient

A

patient that has been in facility for less than 24 hours

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29
Q

how tight should tournequet be

A

tight to stop Venus flow but to allow arterial flow

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30
Q

vein finder should be used on who

A

pediatric patients

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31
Q

what are 4 skin antiseptics

A
  • isopropyl alcohol %70
    -povidone-iodine solution
    -chlorhexidine gluconate
    -soap and water
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32
Q

what shouldnt you use to sanitize patients doing a blood alcohol test

A

%70 isopropyl alcohol

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33
Q

whats povidone iodine solution

A

antiseptic used as an alternative to isopropyl. doesn’t contain alcohol but is a common allergen

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34
Q

what’s chlorhexidine gluconate

A

a skin corrosive antiseptic that needs to be washed off asap. Is a alternative to isopropyl and povidone iodine

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35
Q

how do you clean area of insertion

A

clean in circles going outward 2-3 in in diameter. air-dry for at least 30 seconds

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36
Q

how often can you use hand sanitizer

A

every 2 patients or unless visibley soiled

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37
Q

shaft

A

length of needle

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38
Q

normal adult draw needle

A

21 1/2 needle

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39
Q

pediatric draw needle

A

23g butterfly

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40
Q

geriatric draw needle

A

23g butterfly

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41
Q

what does a butterfly tube do

A

reduces force not amount of suction

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42
Q

blood to additive ratio

A

9:1

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43
Q

never use bandages on what kind of patients

A

2yrs or younger

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44
Q

what does a evacuated tube system contain

A

-needle
-tube
-tube holder
(assembled)

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45
Q

two types of additives

A

anti-coagulats , clot activatos

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46
Q

4 anti coagulants

A

1 EDTA
2 citrates
3 heparin
4 oxalates

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47
Q

clot activators

A

1 glass (silica) particles
2 insert clay (celiae)
3 clotting factors (thrombin)

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48
Q

BNP

A

lavender

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49
Q

BUN

A

gold

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50
Q

GTT

A

mint/ light green

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51
Q

PT

A

light blue

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52
Q

removed bracelet

A

inform nurse to replace it. cannot continue draw otherwise

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53
Q

only person who can consent for mentally incapacitated patient

A

their nurse

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54
Q

ischemia

A

pain when cells are being starved of oxygen

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55
Q

troponin level test

A

rules out heart attack

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56
Q

occluded

A

blocked

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57
Q

mastectomy

A

draw from opposite side

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58
Q

Bp cuff can be used to find the vein how

A

inflated in the middle of systolic and diastolic BP (very dangerous)

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59
Q

patient must not pump first

A

avoids hemoconcentration

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60
Q

accidental artery puncture apply pressure how long

A

10 min

61
Q

regular withdrawl apply pressure how long

A

30-45 seconds

62
Q

orders of draw should a phlebotomist use for venipuncture collection?

A

Sodium citrate, SST, sodium heparin, EDTA

63
Q

what does OSHA stand for

A

occupational safety and health administration

64
Q

what is OSHA responsible for

A

addresses issues related to handling,mixing,storing and disposing of products

65
Q

2hour postprandial glucose test. Which of the following should be recognized as a panic value?

A

55mg/dL

66
Q

CBC, chemistry panel, lead, and a toxicology screen via capillary puncture. Which of the following should be collected first?

A

lavender top tube

67
Q

patient who is semi-conscious

A

awaken patient

68
Q

2 mL of blood is drawn for a culture from an adult patient using the syringe method, which of the following actions should be performed?

A

fill both anaerobic and aerobic culture bottles

69
Q

Blood grouping and typing tests must be collected in a tube with which of the following colored stoppers?

A

red/no addative

70
Q

avoid using a site with broken skin integrity during venipuncture for which of the following reasons:

A

increased risk of infection

71
Q

light blueHow many times should an evacuated tube containing EDTA be inverted for adequate mixing of the blood with anticoagulant?

A

8-10 inversions

72
Q

Because of the time between collection and plasma separation, which of the following must a phlebotomist do?

A

centrifuse

73
Q

bilirubin test

A

the specimen should be kept away from direct light

74
Q

NIOSH-certified N95 or higher level mask should be worn when entering what type of isolation room?

A

airborne

75
Q

physician’s office provide to a phlebotomist for laboratory specimen collection?

A

Laboratory requisition form

76
Q

caused by excessive shaking of a tube?

A

hemolysis

77
Q

CBC and PT/INR. Which of the following collection tubes should the phlebotomist draw first?

A

light blue

78
Q

BUN

A

gold

79
Q

BUN

A

gold

80
Q

GTT

A

mint/lightgreen

81
Q

PT

A

light blue

82
Q

blood culture additive

A

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate

83
Q

must be kept warm until it is delivered to the laboratory for separation?

A

cyroglobulin

84
Q

a blood transfer device with which of the following methods of blood collection?

A

syringe

84
Q

actions should a phlebotomist take to comply with guidelines for a CLIA-waived procedure?

A

document quality control results

84
Q

contact isolation precautions. What is PPE, other than the standard gloves, would be required?

A

gown

85
Q

wearing a face shield when coming into contact with body fluids, a phlebotomist is preventing exposure by which of the following modes of transmission?

A

permucosal

86
Q

collection of the last specimen collection tube, which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take next?

A

Disengage the tube from the collection set

87
Q

practices should a phlebotomist follow to help monitor the volumes of blood collected in pediatric patients?

A

maintain updated log of blood draw

88
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Which of the following pieces of equipment is required?

A

n95 mask

89
Q

How often should a phlebotomist perform quality control checks on glucose monitor?

A

once per day

90
Q

components is needed for hemostasis to take place?

A

thrombocytes

91
Q

After centrifuging, a green top tube yields a specimen of

A

plasma

92
Q

How many times should an EDTA tube be inverted after blood collection?

A

8-10

93
Q

handing an ammonia specimen?

A

transport on ice

94
Q

following information must a phlebotomist include on the label of a venipuncture specimen?

A

time of venipuncture,patients I’d number,phlebotomist initials

95
Q

required on a chain of custody form after a urine drug screen?

A

patient signature

96
Q

actions should a phlebotomist take after collecting blood Into a serum separation tube? sst

A

invert 5-8 times

97
Q
A
98
Q

EDTA in the collection tube indicates

A

plasma

99
Q

processes occurs after a venipuncture to control the bleeding?

A

hemostasis ( stoppage of bleeding)

100
Q

equipment for an ordered comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

A

tourniquet, multi-sample needle, collection tube

101
Q

Drawing a patient’s blood without consent can result in a charge of what?

A

battery

102
Q

cmp tube

A

gold

103
Q

cbc

A

lavender

104
Q

pieces of equipment does a phlebotomist need to perform a butterfly needle collection?

A

tube holder

105
Q

report of laboratory results is required to have which of the following information?

A

date of specimen collected

106
Q

blood tests is appropriate for a fasting specimen?

A

Glucose (blood sugar) and triglycerides(measures the amount of a fat in your blood called triglycerides)

107
Q

phlebotomist is preparing to obtain a venous blood sample using the syringe method. Which of the following supplies should the phlebotomist include with their phlebotomy equipment?

A

blood transfer device

108
Q

methods of reporting results by a clinical laboratory abides by the recommended standards set by the joint commission?

A

faxed report from the clinical laboratory technician to the physician

109
Q

a tube is not inverted correctly after collection, it may cause:

A

false test results

110
Q

actions is appropriate when transporting a specimen for ABG analysis?

A

placing specimen on ice cream

111
Q

abgs

A

ammonia; lactic acid; pyruvate; glucagon; gastrin; adrenocorticotropic hormone; parathyroid hormone.

112
Q

lactic acid

A

light sensitive

113
Q

hard cordlike veins

A

Scleroderma veins

114
Q

twisted, elongated, and dilated veins that have lost their normal shape and structure.

A

Tortuous veins

115
Q

occurs when blood clots block veins or arteries.

A

thrombosed veins

116
Q

non-blood specimen that is delivered to the laboratory should have which of the following information included?

A

specimen source

117
Q

how should you hold a butterfly needle

A

by the wings

118
Q

Venesection?

A

cutting out a section of a vein

119
Q

clinical laboratory improvement act NOT set requirements for?

A

radiologist

120
Q

clinical laboratory improvement act NOT set requirements for?

A

Remove blood for transfusions at donor center

Remove blood for therapeutic purposes
Correct!

Obtain blood for diagnostic purposes & monitor treatment

121
Q

HIPAA?

A

Patients information must be kept private

Phlebotomist must not discuss patient information in open areas

Safeguards confidentiality of protected health info

122
Q

pathogenic means

A

likely to be productive disease

123
Q

How many times should a tube be inverted?

A

5-8

124
Q

Coagulation of blood takes approximately

A

30-45 sec

125
Q

function of the circulatory system?

A

carry oxygen to tissue cells

126
Q

Urine sample must be refrigerated after how long

A

immediately

127
Q

Scarred or burned areas should be avoided as blood collection sites because

A

circulation usually impaired

128
Q

needle that has gone through the back wall of the vein may cause:

A

blood to enter tube slowly or not at all

129
Q

PPE should a phlebotomist use when drawing a patient with a cough?

A

gloves
mask
face shield

130
Q

antibiotic sensitivity test determines which antibiotics:

A

effective against a particular microbe.

131
Q

recommended procedure for collecting 24-hour urine specimen?

A

Discard the first morning specimen, start timing, collect all urine for 24 hours including the next morning specimen.

132
Q

phlegm or mucous ejected from trachea, bronchi, and lungs

A

sputum

133
Q

Arterial puncture site selection is based on the:

A

existence of collateral circulation

134
Q

phlebotomist knows that the vagal-vaso response may case a patient to?

A

faint

135
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction of blood

136
Q

The phlebotomist should take the specimen temperature at which of the following times following collection

A

at 5 min

137
Q

locations should a phlebotomist directly dispose of a contaminated microscope slide?

A

red sharps container

138
Q

Beta-Carotine

A

light sensitive

139
Q

location for heel sticks is

A

Medial or lateral borders of the plantar surface.

140
Q

urine drug screening performed detect?

A

Recreational drugs
Anabolic steroids
Prescription drugs

141
Q

outer layer of a vein called?

A

Tunica Adventitia

142
Q

Hematoma is caused by what factor?

A

Excessive lateral redirection of needle
Inserting needle to deep or quickly
Improper site or vein selection

143
Q

arteries carry?

A

oxygenated blood

144
Q

How many layers does a blood vessel have?

A

3

145
Q

name of the layer in vessels which has valves to prevent blood backflow?

A

tunica intima

146
Q

Vesoconstriction

A

vessels narrow to prevent blood loss

147
Q

fluid portion of the blood remaining after clotting?

A

serum

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