State Board Exam Prep Flashcards
List the functions of lymph
- protect the body from disease by developing immunity
- destroy disease causing microorganisms
- drain tissue spaces of excess interstitial fluid
PCOS cannot be _____?
Cured
Contraindications for skin thinning medications
- advanced exfoliation
- extended sun exposure
- chemical peels
- waxing
- scrubs
Papillary layer is located between the ____ & ____
Epidermis & Dermis
If the barrier function of the skin isn’t functioning correctly what effect will it have?
Skin dehydration
What is TEWL?
Water loss caused by evaporation on the skin’s surface
List all contraindications for waxing
- skin thinning meds
- compromised skin
- varicose veins
- recent laser or resurfacing
- open lesions
- taking steroids
___ ___ ___ ___ (INCI) allow consumers to compare names of ingredients
International, Nomenclature, Cosmetic, Ingredients
How bright a color is is referred to as its ___
Value
___ is a fatty material used to lubricate and keep other substances on the skin
Emollient
Explain “natural” & “synthetic” product ingredients
P. 201-202 (fundamentals)
Know the steps for Milady acne treatment
P. 340-344
Effleurage is the most important massage movement in ___ ___
Swedish massage
Define OSHA
- Addresses issues relating to the handling, mixing, storing, & disposing of products
- Regulates and enforces safety & health standards in the workplace
The Fitzpatrick Scale
I - very white, always burns, does not tan
II - light, burns easily, tans minimally
III - fair to olive, tans well, burns moderately
IV - light brown, tans easily, burns minimally
V - dark brown, rarely burns, tans easily
VI - dark brown to black, rarely / never burns or tans easily
Japanese culture introduced early forms of…?
Threading
Explain cataphoresis and anaphoresis
Anaphoresis (- neg pole cathode)
- cause alkaline reaction
- softens & relaxes tissue
- stimulates nerve endings
- increases blood circulation
Cataphoresis (+ pos pole)
- causes acidic reaction
- tightens skin
- calms / soothes nerve endings
- decreases blood circulation
___ is a skin disorder of the sebaceous glands
Acne
Peripheral nervous system connects ___ parts of the body to the ___ ___ ___
Outer, central nervous system
___ ___ can enhance the face the most when worn alone
Lip color
Sebaceous glands are also known as ___
Oil glands
Band lashes are also known as ___ ___
Strip lashes
When salt is dissolved in water…
Salt = solute
Water = solvent
Collagen gives skin ___ & ___
strength & firmness
Slightly acidic is a characteristic of ___ skin
Healthy
To get “shade” you have to add ___ to a pure hue
Black
There are ___ of different kinds of bacteria, which fall into ___ primary types
Thousands, two
Explain electrodes & polarity
Polarity: refers to the poles (- +) of an electric current
Electrode: applicator for directing electric current from and electro therapy device to clients skin
Anode (+) Cathode (-)
Describe leukocytes
White blood cells that have enzymes to digest and kill bacteria & parasites
What are: mainly small, solidified impactions of oil without cell matter
Sebaceous filaments
Green tea is ___, ___, ___
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging
Almond meal is an example of a ___ exfoliant
Mechanical
Someone who is ___ might have an acne breakout stimulated by the sebaceous gland
Stressed
Hydroxy acids, humectants, and clarifying ingredients are ideal for what skin type?
Oily
What do cells need to grow & reproduce?
- adequate supply of food
- oxygen
- water
- suitable temps
- ability to eliminate waste
15 minutes is ideal time to discuss ___ ___ after a client’s first facial
Home care
List the functions of the skeletal system
- shape & support the body
- protect internal organs
- body movement
- produce white & red blood cells
- store the body’s calcium
18 inches is the proper distance for the ____ (during a facial)
Steamer
Describe FD & C act in accordance with drugs
FD & C act defines drugs as “articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease”
Define element
Simplest form of chemical matter
All ___ are either miscible or immiscible
Liquids
Define hydrogen ion
It’s acidic; the more hydrogen ions there are in a substance, the more acidic
Carcinogen is best described as
A substance that causes cancer
___ is a water based liquid that helps remove excess oil from the skin
Astringent
The Victorian age discouraged…?
Makeup
Lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils and animal fats
Fatty acids
Descending order is the way ___ should be listed
Ingredients
Carbomers are used to ___ creams
Thicken
One diopter is ___ times the magnification
10
1 diopter = 10
Only a ___ trained esthetician should work with a cancer patient
Oncology
When waxing a client’s ___ you should begin at the waist
Back
___ is redness caused by inflammation
Erythema
___ ___ ___ machine may be more costly in the long run.
All in one
The ___ shows signs of aging quicker than the ___
décolleté, face
Irritants ___
Allergens ___
Burn
Itch
Sclerotherapy is the treatment of ___ ___
Varicose veins
Name the parts of the muscle
Which direction should you massage?
Origin, Belly, Insertion
From insertion to origin
You need to wait ___ ___ before treating someone that’s used Isotretinoin (accutane)
6 months
Adjustment arm is the first thing to wear out (wear and tear) on the ___ ___
Magnifying (loupe) lamp
Vacuum machines ___ the skin and ___ impurities
Stimulate, remove
3-6-9 times is how many times ___ ___ should be performed
Massage movements
Serotonin & dopamine are increased through?
Massage
Kojic acid is a ___ suppressant used to treat hyperpigmentation
Melanin
Describe-
Functional ingredients
Performance ingredients
Functional: does not affect the appearance of the skin, but act as “vehicles” to allow products to spread, give them body, and specific form
Performance: cause the actual change in the skin. Ex: exfoliant, moisturizer
Describe FPLA
Facilitates value comparisons and to prevent unfair or deceptive packaging and labeling
Know characteristics of primary & secondary lesions
Primary lesion - in the initial stage of development; flat, non palpable changes in skin color or by elevations formed by fluid
Secondary lesion - piles of material on the skin surface such as crust or scab or by depressions in the skin surface
Renaissance Era they used dangerous ___ in their ___
Chemicals, face powder
The Romans were famous for what buildings?
Bathhouses
Consulting the client’s history form is the first step in the ___ ___
Skin analysis
___ is an infected papule with fluid inside
Pustule
___ are hardened pearl-like collections of oil & dead skin cells
Milia
What does not contain cell matter and is found on the nose?
Sebaceous filaments
Describe photosensitivity
high sensitivity of the skin to UV light, usually following exposure or ingestion of certain medications, or chemicals that result in accelerated response of the skin to UV radiation
Any color in its purest form is known as a ___
Hue
Hyperpigmentation caused by the bonding of protein molecules with glucose is caused by?
Alcohol
Hair becomes drier during the ___ phase
Catagen
Sunlight is the main extrinsic factor for ___
Aging
What are the A, B, C, D, Es of cancer?
A - asymmetry
B - irregular borders
C - color
D - diameter larger than a pencil eraser
E - evolved quickly
Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up from not shedding
Retention hyperkeratosis
___ ___ have a soothing effect on the skin, but are also helpful in softening the skin for extractions
Hot towels
Tapotement releases ___ & ___ ___ and ___ the system.
nutrients, carbon dioxide, purifies
Manual lymph drainage is ___ in some states if not a “master” esthetician
prohibited
A magnifying lamp is also known as a ___ ___
Loupe lamp
Important investment for an esthetician just starting out is a ___
steamer
Galvanic can leave a ___ in the guests mouth
metallic taste
___ ___ produces an unusual smell when used (part of electrotherapy)
High frequency
Hair can be buzzed or trimmed to a 1/2 inch when waxing the ___ ___
under arm
Pulmonary circulation sends blood from the ___ to the ___ to be oxygenated
heart, lungs
___ ___ can enhance the face the most when worn alone
Lip color
___ ___ is the most important factor in a successful skin care program
Home care
How much cleanser to apply to a client’s skin?
Two teaspoons
Behind the ear is where you should perform an
allergy test
“Tab” lashes attach at a ___ ___
single point
Disinfectants are not able to destroy all ___
bacteria
___ & ___ are more specific than laws
Rules & regulations
Who determines how sharps should be handled?
OSHA & your state laws
How bright is a color is referred to as its ___
value
___ is a fatty material used to lubricate and keep other substances on the skin
Emollient
For a client receiving a brow wax but doesn’t have an extensive amount of hair to remove, what would be the next best option?
Tweezing
Cotton swabs are good for extractions, especially around the ___ area
nose
Specialized organ that produces chemicals necessary for the body to function optimally
Gland
What grade of acne is many closed comedones, more open comedones and occasional papules and pustules
Grade II
Describe dermatillomania
A disorder where someone compulsively picks at skin to the point of injury
An eccrine gland is a ___ gland found all over the body with openings through the pores
sweat
Pacemakers are a contraindication for any type of ___ ___
electrical treatments
Water is __ - __ % of the skin
50-70%
Telangiectasia is best described as
damaged capillaries that are now larger or distended blood vessels
Use of visual aids is important for a ___ consultation
makeup
What is a sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum?
Steatoma
Describe the F D & C Act in accordance with cosmetics
Defines cosmetics as “articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance”
The system consisting of the skin and its accessory organs, sensory receptors, hair, and nails
Integumentary system
List the 5 accessory organs to the skin
- sensory receptors
- hair
- nails
- oil (sebaceous) glands
- exocrine (sweat) glands
Which acid contains aspirin?
Salicylic
Neutrals are the safest choice when selecting ___
eyeshadow
What kind of “setting” mask is ideal for hydrating the skin?
Paraffin mask
Define communicable disease
A disease that spreads from one person to another
10 minutes is the max time you should use ___ during a facial
steam
UVA radiation has a ___ wavelength ranging between ___ & ___ and penetrates ___
longer, 320-400, deeper
Normal skin typically has a ___ follicle size
small
Describe a skin tag
A small outgrowth or extension of skin that looks like a flap
Free radical damage in cells can be repaired by built in ___
antioxidants
Adipose tissue provides ___
Insulation
Dry skin could be a result of an underactive ____ ____
Sebaceous gland
An ___ ___ releases oxygen
oxidizing agent
Era of Extravagence was known for which makeup products?
Lips & cheeks were often brightly colored - pink or orange
Adipose tissue gives ___ and ___ to the body
smoothness, contour
A deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands
Anhidrosis
A condition also known as razor bumps, which resembles folliculitis without the pus or infection
psuedofolliculitis
What are all the layers of the skin?
(describe location, characteristics, functions)
What is an abnormal secretion from the sebacceous gland characterized by redness, flakiness, and irritation?
Seborrhea
Greeks used both ___ & ___ for elemental protection
honey, olive oil
Hyaluronic acid is?
Hydrating fluid found in the skin
___ oil is considered to be comedogenic
Coconut
What is mildew?
A type of fungi
List the steps of infection control
- cleaning
- disinfecting
- sanitizing
- sterilization
Lanugo is ___ ___ hair found on a ___
soft downy, fetus
___ light produces heat
Infrared
What is GFI? Where would you find it?
Ground
Fault
Interrupter
Found in bathroom
What is the correct order of eye makeup?
Eyeshadow, eyeliner, mascara
Absorption of ___ is synthesized from sunlight
vitamin D
Ultraviolet light prompts the skin to produce vitamin ___
D
___ are placed on a clean & disinfected workstation then covered with another towel
Supplies
Reducing swelling is the main purpose for ___ ___ ___
manual lymph drainage
The process of changing food into forms the body can use as energy
Metabolism
Renaissance women ___ ___ ___ & ___ for greater intelligence appearance
shaved their eyebrows, hairline
___% of natural sunlight is visible
35
List benefits of high frequency
- relieves skin congestion
- improves germicidal action
- stimulates blood circulation
- increases skin metabolism
Which step eliminates most microorganisms?
Disinfection
Which step in infection control destroys all microbial life
Sterilization
Shaving is a form of ___
depilation
The ___ is where you should begin extractions
chin
Sensory and motor are types of ___
nerves
A ___ is a small elevation that contains fluid and could turn into a ___
pustule
The ___ shows signs of aging quicker than the ___
décolleté, face
___ ___ are blackheads caused by a buildup of debris, oil, and dead skin cells
Open comedones
List all the types of setting masks
- clay
- alginate
- modelage
- paraffin
The disposal of chemical products in the workplace is regulated by ___
OSHA
Disconnecting appliances when not in use is an example of ___ ___ ___
good electrical safety
Maintaining the natural acid mantle of the skin will prevent ___
TEWL
Mineral makeup is considered the ___ comedogenic
least
Pigmentation affected by hormones is known as ___
melasma
___ ___ ___ is best described as - a condition characterized by red or pink scaly papules or nodules
Squamous cell carcinoma
Gommage is an example of a “___ ___” mask
roll off
Papaya is an example of an ___ exfoliant
enzyme
Name each massage movement and what it consist of
• Effeurage -
• Petrissage -
• Tapotement -
• Friction -
• Vibration -
What is electrotherapy?
Use of electrical currents to treat the skin
___ moves through space in waves
Energy
What is a blood borne pathogen?
Disease causing microorganism that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids such as hepatitis and HIV
What are the colors of the woods lamp and their meanings?
Define suspension
An unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances
Define occupational disease
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment such as prolonged and repeated over exposure to certain products or ingredients
___ is usually found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back
Psoriasis
A papule is a small elevation that contains fluid and could turn into a ___
pustule
It’s important to have a thorough understanding of chemical formulation when it comes to ___ ___ ___ ___
choosing a product line
Electro therapy is the use of ___ ___ for therapeutic benefits
What are atoms?
Particle from which all matter is composed
What is epilation?
Removing hair from the bottom of the follicle by breaking contact between the bulbs and the papilla
Provides a protective covering for body cavities and the surfaces of organs
Epithelial tissue
Inside the ankle, shin, outside the ankle is the correct order for applying ___ ___ during a leg wax
soft wax
Plasma contains 90% ___ and acts as a ___ ___
water, delivery system
Histamines cause an ___ feeling that often accompanies contact dermatitis
itchy
What is the pH of skin?
Slightly acidic 4.5 - 5.5
Cells that destroy disease-causing germs
White blood cells
Loupe lamps magnification is measured in ___
What is the most common diopter for estheticians?
Diopter, 5 diopter
The presence of pus is a sign of a ___ infection
bacterial
Describe keratosis
Buildup of skin cells
What does the Fitzpatrick scale determine?
A skin type’s ability to tolerate sun exposure
Below chest level is where the ___ ___ should be during a facial to promote good ergonomics
technician’s hands
Checking your schedule is the ___ thing you should do when arriving to work
first
What is a dispensary?
A room where supplies are stored when they are not in the treatment room or at a workstation
___ is most important when it comes to the perspective of safety in the treatment room
Cleanliness
Waist height to the facial bed is where the ___ ___ should be for good ergonomics
esthetician’s chair
Esthetician’s stool will provide the ___ - ___ benefits for the esthetician
longest-lasting
It is mandatory that trash receptacles & laundry baskets be ___ & ___
closed & covered
Treatment room should have a minimum of ___ electrical outlets
4
What serves as a protective cushion and energy storage for the body
The subcutaneous layer
Door(s) should be left open before cleaning and disinfecting the ___ ___
towel warmer
Gauze wrapped around gloves is the most common way to do ___
extractions
Linens should be ___ ___ before placing in the laundry basket
rolled inward
After using a single-use disposable item, it should be ____
Disposed of in a covered waste receptacle
___ & ___ is the primary focus when furnishing a treatment room
Health & safety
It generally takes between ___ - ___ minutes to clean up a treatment room between services
15 - 20
Interstitial fluid contains components involved in ___ ___ and ___ ___
blood clotting and wound healing
