Stat Terminology

Question 1

Organizing and summarizing data. Describes data through numerical summaries, tables, and graphs.

Answer 1

Descriptive statistics

Question 2

Numerical summary based on a sample.

Answer 2

Statistic

Question 3

Takes results from a sample, extends them to a population land measures the reliability of the result.

Answer 3

Inferential statistic

Question 4

Statistic to estimate a numerical summary of a population

Answer 4

Parameter

Question 5

Classification of individuals based on some attribute or (charateristic)

Answer 5

Qualitative or categorical variables

Question 6

Provide numerical measures of individuals

Answer 6

Quantitative variables

Question 7

Either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of possible values

Answer 7

Discrete variable

Question 8

Infinite number of possible values it can take on and can be measured to any desired level of accuracy.

Answer 8

Continuous variable

Question 9

Focus of a question

Answer 9

Response variable

Question 10

Explain changes in the response variable

Answer 10

Explanatory variable

Question 11

Measures the value of the response variable without attempting to influence the value of either variable

Answer 11

Observational study

Question 12

Intentionally changes the value of the explanatory variable

Answer 12

Designed experiment

Question 13

controlled study conducted to determine the effect of varying one or more explanatory variables has on a response variable.

Answer 13

Experiment

Question 14

The values of the explanatory variable applied

Answer 14

Treatments

Question 15

is a person, object or some other well-defined item upon which a treatment is applied.

Answer 15

Experimental unit

Question 16

serves as a baseline treatment that can be used to compare to other treatments.

Answer 16

Control group

Question 17

is an innocuous medication, such as a sugar tablet, that looks, tastes, and smells like the experimental medication.

Answer 17

Placebo

Question 18

refers to nondisclosure of the treatment an experimental unit is receiving.

Answer 18

Blinding

Question 19

experiment is one in which the experimental unit (or subject) does not know which treatment he or she is receiving.

Answer 19

Single-blind

Question 20

experiment is one in which neither the experimental unit nor the researcher in contact with the experimental unit knows which treatment the experimental unit is receiving.

Answer 20

Double blind

Question 21

is the process of using chance to select individuals from a population to be included in the sample

Answer 21

Random sampling

Question 22

sample of size n from a population of size N is obtained through

Answer 22

Simple random sampling

Question 23

(a member of the population can be selected more than once)

Answer 23

With replacement

Question 24

(a population member may not be selected a second time).

Answer 24

Without replacement

Question 25

list of the N individuals in the population of interest.

Answer 25

Frame

Question 26

by separating the population into non-overlapping groups

Answer 26

Stratified sample

Question 27

by selecting every kth individual from the population

Answer 27

Systematic sample

Question 28

dividing the population into groups and selecting ALL individuals from within a random sample of the groups

Answer 28

Cluster sample

Question 29

one in which the individuals in the sample are easily obtained.

Answer 29

Convenience sample