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Science > Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe > Flashcards

Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Flashcards

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1
Q

Who developed a system for naming stars that used Greek letters and Latin forms of the stars’ constellation names?

A

Johann Bayer

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2
Q

According to the apparent magnitude given, which of the following stars is the brightest?
A. Alpha Centauri A, +0.03
B. Deneb, + 1.25
C. Lacaille 2, +7.34
D. Barnard’s Star, +9.51

A

A. Alpha Centauri A, +0.03

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3
Q

Which pair of elements makes up the bulk of most stars, including our sun?

A

hydrogen and helium

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4
Q

Which two factors are used as the axes to plot stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

A

temperature and luminosity

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5
Q

Planetary nebulas, white dwarfs, and neutron stars…

A

are later stages in the life of a star

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6
Q

Charles Messier’s objective when cataloging and naming the nebulas was…

A

to help astronomers avoid confusing a nebula with a comet

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7
Q

Missing 7

A

Visual Double Star

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8
Q

Which of the following statements does not apply to most galaxies?
A. They have a supernova in the center.
B. They seem to be held together by gravity.
C. They are made of dust, gases, bilions of stars, and more,
D. They rotate around a center of mass.

A

A. They have a supernova in the center.

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9
Q

Which of the following properties is not characteristic of quasars?
A. They are very energetic.
B. They are brighter than a galaxy.
C. They are very well understood,
D. They emit powetful radio signals.

A

C. They are very well understood,

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10
Q

What do we observe in the universe?

A

cosmological red shift and cosmic microwave

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11
Q

According to the secular view of cosmogony, the universe is…

A

about 13.8 billion years old

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12
Q

What would a secular astronomer believe is the first stage of stellar evolution?

A

a protostar

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13
Q

What is the most difficult question of cosmogony for biblical creationists?

A

How does an immense, very old-looking universe fit into a young creation?

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14
Q

The universe is immense because it…

A

shows how great God is

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15
Q

All constellations are asterisms, but not all asterisms are constellations.

A

True

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16
Q

A star that has a diameter 100 times larger than our sun is classified as a giant.

A

False

17
Q

As a yellow dwarf, the sun lies on the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

A

True

18
Q

Astronomers believe that some black holes formed at the beginning of the
universe and that others are remnants of supernovas.

A

True

19
Q

Astronomers believe that most of the stars in our galaxy are eclipsing binary stars.

A

False

20
Q

Globular star clusters are held together by gravity, but open clusters are not.

A

False

21
Q

The largest galaxies known are elliptical galaxies.

A

True

22
Q

Cosmologists assume that the universe is old because light travels so fast.

A

False

23
Q

The Big Bang theory of cosmology does not address what we observe about the
universe.

A

False

24
Q

If the light-created-in-transit theory is true, then we can’t really trust our senses to provide us real information about the universe.

A

True

25
Q

In general, any recognizable pattern of stars is called a(n)…

A

Asterism

26
Q

The brightness of a star as it appears from earth is its…

A

Apparent magnitude

27
Q

Stellar parallax is a method that astronomers may use to determine a star’s… ? …from the earth.

A

distance

28
Q

When a white dwarf gains enough matter frem a companion to create a temporary nuclear explosion on its surface, a(n)… ? …occurs.

A

nova

29
Q

A cloud of gas or dust that can be seen against a background of stars is called a(n)…

A

nebula

30
Q

Most binary star systems are not… ? …binary stars.

A

Eclipsing

31
Q

Our own sun is found in the…

A

Milky Way galaxy

32
Q

Most astronomers agree that the Milky Way can be classified as a(n)…

A

Spiral Galaxy

33
Q

Radiation that appears to be spread in all directions throughout the universe is called…

A

Cosmic Microwave

34
Q

The process of stellar birth, aging, and death is called…

A

Stellar evolution

35
Q

Some creation scientist believe the intense… ? …may have slowed time on earth during the first few days of creation.

A

Gravity

36
Q

At a billion light years away, one could see the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies, and many smaller ones, forming…

A

?

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