stars

Question 1

astronomy

Answer 1

The study of the universe

Question 2

light year

Answer 2

The distance traveled by light in one year

Question 3

size order from largest to smallest (components of the universe)

Answer 3

universe, galaxy, solar system, star

Question 4

universe

Answer 4

All of the matter and energy in space known existence, 13.7 billion, made of billions of galaxies

Question 5

galaxy

Answer 5

A group of hundred of billions of stars held togther by gravity

Question 6

characteristics of our galaxy

Answer 6

spiral shaped galaxy, located in the middle of an outer arm

Question 7

Big bang

Answer 7

The universe began when an extremely dense concentration of matter exploded and was distiruibed
Across the universe

Question 8

the universe is still ____ and ____ from this explosion

Answer 8

cooling and expanding

Question 9

evidence of big bang

Answer 9

cosmic background radiation, red shit of light from distant galaxies, blue shift, red shift

Question 10

cosmic microwave background radiation

Answer 10

evidence of big bang, The universe is still cooling from the initial explosion. Empty space should have a temp of absolute zero,
But it actually is 3k

Question 11

red shift of light from distant galaxies

Answer 11

evidence the universe is expanding (doppler effect: the apparent change in wavelength of an energy source that is moving)

Question 12

blue shift

Answer 12

evidence of the big bang, if galaxy is moving towards an observer light waves are compressed and they decrease the wavelength

Question 13

red shift

Answer 13

if a galaxy is moving away the light waves are stretched and they’re increasing in wavelength

Question 14

closed universe

Answer 14

If the mass of the universe is large enough it will eventually start to contract due to gravity

Question 15

open universe

Answer 15

If the mass of the universe is smaller it will expand forever because there is not enough gravity to halt its expansion

Question 16

stars

Answer 16

Spheres of gas in space that produce their own energy (self-luminous)

Question 17

nuclear fusion

Answer 17

Process by which stars produce energy. Hydrogen atoms are joined togther to produce helium and energy

Question 19

life cycles of stars

Answer 19

stars go through a sequence of changes depending upon the size/mass of the star

Question 20

Nebula/protostar

Answer 20

Stars all begin as large spinning clouds of gas and dust being pulled together by their gravity

Question 21

main sequence star

Answer 21

This is the stable period, creates energy, and shines brightly. Our Sun is in the Main Sequence stage. Early stage.

Question 22

red giant

Answer 22

star get much larger and cooler

Question 23

white dwarf

Answer 23

only the small hot core of star remains

Question 24

black dwarf

Answer 24

cooled remains of a white dwarf, oldest

Question 25

solar system

Answer 25

a star and everything that revoloves around it, our solar system is 4.6 billion years old

Question 26

our solar system is formed as remains of a____

Answer 26

supernova

Question 27

the dust and gas left outside clumped together to form_____

Answer 27

planetesimals (collided and formed planets)

Question 28

Planet

Answer 28

any object that directly revolves around a star, has a nearly round shape, and has its own orbital zone

Question 29

retrograde motion

Answer 29

the motion exhibited by planets when they appear to move backward for a time in comparison to the stars caused by the differences in revolutions around the Sun

Question 30

terrestrial planets

Answer 30

rocky, small, high density and Earth-like planets
(Inner four planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars)

Question 31

jovaian planet

Answer 31

gaseous, very large, low density and Jupiter-like planets (Outer four planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune)

Question 32

asteriods

Answer 32

Irregularly shaped rock that is smaller than a planet and occupies an orbit around the sun

Question 33

meteroriods

Answer 33

Particles of rock and metal in space ranging in size from a grain of sand to a large boulder. Always smaller than asteroids

Question 34

meteor

Answer 34

Streak of light produced when a meteoroid enters earth’s atmosphere and burs due to friction of gas molecules

Question 35

meteorite

Answer 35

a meteoroid or asteroid that passes through earth’s atmosphere and lands on earth’s surface

Question 36

comet

Answer 36

An object made of ice and rock fragments that revolves around the sun usually in a highly eccentric orbit