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Standards of Practice, Ethics, Accredited bodies and Legislation > Standards of Practice, Ethics and Legislation > Flashcards

Standards of Practice, Ethics and Legislation Flashcards

1
Q

Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA)

A

an Ontario law that was passed in 1991 to regulate 23 health professions in the province of Ontario.

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2
Q

What are the main objectives of the RHPA?

A
  • To protect the public from harm.
  • to promote high quality care
  • to make regulated health professions accountable to public.
  • to give patients/ clients access to health care professionals of their choice
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3
Q

Section 1 of Ontario Regulation 682

A

defines Medical Laboratory Technician as a person who under direct supervision of an MLT, RT, or MRT performs laboratory tests which require limited technical skill and responsibilities, which do not require interpretation, assessment o the exercise of independent judgement.

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4
Q

MLA’s duties may include:

A
  • blood sample procurement
  • sample preparation for analysis
  • reagent preparation
  • media preparation, smear
  • staining of smears
  • parasitology examinations planting and streaking of microbiology specimens and including set up of anaerobic and CO2 jars
  • urinalysis (excluding microscopic)
  • set up of ESR, and micro hematocrits
  • routine equipment maintenance
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5
Q

Medical Lab Technician can become licensed after passing a certification exam with which association? (2)

A

American Society for clinical pathology (ASCP) or Medical Laboratory Professionals Association of Ontario (MLPAO)

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6
Q

National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences

A

(NAACLS)- The premier international agency for accreditation and approval of education programs.

-provides comprehensive services including program accreditation, program approval, consultation and continuing education for students, employers and health care consumers.

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7
Q

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

A

a national non profit-organization who develops consensus standards for clinical and lab practices and promote their use worldwide including, set the standards for phlebotomy procedures
- formerly called National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)

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8
Q

Competency Statements

A

are required to judge the quality of being competent and that shape the educational curriculum and structure of health care programs set by NAACLS to describe the entry-level skills.

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9
Q

Competency statements for MLA

A
  • principles of basic and special blood collection procedures
  • basic anatomy and physiology and biological aspects of the human body
  • preanalytical (re-examination) variables
  • standard operating procedures (SOPs) for laboratories
  • medical terminology
  • regulatory requirements
  • patient and personal safety
  • infection control
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10
Q

professionalism

A

the skill, competence or character expected of an individual in a trained profession. There are 4 categories to frame their concept of professionalism:

  • respect
  • service
  • support
  • growth
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11
Q

Standards of Practice

A

All health care workers must conform to a specific standard of care to protect patients.
-standard of care is set by statutes; licensing requirements; rules and regulations of regulatory or professional organizations, internal health care facility, policies, procedures, rules, and regulations.

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12
Q

Specimen Procurement and Handling

A

R.R.O 1990, REGULATION 682

  • basic requirements for quality specimen include:
  • examine specimens from humans only
  • report test results directly to person who requested it and include the lab name that received the specimen, address and which test was performed
  • report all positive lab findings, that indicate the presumptive presence of any communicable disease within the meaning of the Health Protection and Promotion within 24 hours after conducting the test
  • using standard precautions, the patient is identified, assessed and prepared properly and medication interference is avoided if possible
  • specimens should be collected from the correct patients, using correct techniques and labelled appropriately
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13
Q

Laboratory Director

A

a person who is responsible for the admin of the scientific and technical operation of a lab including the supervision of tests and reporting of test results

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14
Q

Laboratory Supervisor

A

a person who under the general supervision of a laboratory director supervises lab personnel and may perform tests requiring special scientific skills

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15
Q

Laboratory Technologist

A

a person who under general supervision performs tests which require the exercise of independent judgment

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16
Q

Laboratory Technician

A

a person who under direct supervision performs lab tests which require limited technical skill and responsibilities

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17
Q

Ethics

A

the moral standards of behavior or conduct that govern an individual’s actions:

  • hold in confidence and protect all info relating patients
  • work with other health care professionals to provIde quality effective patient care
  • promote the image and status of their contributions to the practice of lab medicine by maintaining high standards in their work habits and through active support of the MLPAO
  • work within legislated scope of practice and seek direction when required
  • endeavor to maintain and improve their skills and knowledge
  • use sage work practices at all times
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18
Q

bioethics

A

the moral issues or problems that have resulted because of modern medicine, clinical research and or technology.
-usually refers to life and death issues such as abortion,. when a patient is allowed to die, and who receives organ donations

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19
Q

Assault and battery

A

the unjustifiable attempt to touch another person or the threat to do so in such circumstances to cause the other to believe that it will be carried out or cause fear.

  • an assault may be permissible if proper consent has been given (ie. to obtain blood specimen)
  • the intentional touching of another person without consent; also the unlawful beating of another or carrying out of threatened physical harm
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20
Q

defendant

A

the health care worker or institution against whom the action or lawsuit is filed or person against whom the complaint is filed

21
Q

plaintiff

A

a legal term referring to the person who initiates or brings a lawsuit or legal action

22
Q

felony

A

a public offense; if defendant is convicted, he or she will spend time in jail

23
Q

fraud

A

deliberate deception or cheating either by conduct or words frequently performed to obtain money

24
Q

invasion of privacy

A

the unauthorized release of information about a patient.

25
Q

litigation process

A

the process of legal action to determine a decision in court

26
Q

malpractice

A

professional negligence. improper or unskillful care of a patient by a member of the health care team or any professional misconduct or unreasonable lack of skill

27
Q

negligence

A

failure to act or to perform duties according to the standards of the profession

28
Q

civil law

A

not a criminal action; the plaintiff sues for monetary damages. Law of private rights between persons or parties

29
Q

breach of duty

A

also referred to as neglect of duty

- an infraction, violation, or failure to perform

30
Q

statute of limitations

A

a law that defines how soon after an injury, due to malpractice, a plaintiff must file the lawsuit or be forever barred from doing so.

  • the purpose of this law to prevent the threat of a lawsuit from hanging over a possible defendant’s head.
  • statute of limitations for professional negligence in most states is 2 years
31
Q

malpractice

A

or professional negligence, is defined as improper or unskillful care of a patient by a member of the health care team, or any professional misconduct or unreasonable lack of skill.

  • examples of cases resulting from improper technique and negligence:
  • patient falling
  • hematoma from inadequate pressure to the vein
  • abcess or other infections at the venipuncture site
  • injuries from fainting before, during or after blood collection
32
Q

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

A

This law created legal requirements for the protection, security and appropriate sharing of a patient’s personal health info.

  • requires that health care providers obtain a patient’s written consent before disclosing medical info for the routine uses of diagnosis, treatment, payment or health care operations
  • healthcare workers must review and sign a confidentiality and nondisclosure agreement that describes the sensitivity of patient info
33
Q

Canada Health Act

A

Canada’s federal legislation for publicly funded health care insurance.

-“to protect, promote and restore the physical and mental well-being of residents of Canada and to facilitate reasonable access to health services without financial or other barriers”

34
Q

ACT

A

a bill that is passed by the Legislative Assembly after its Third Reading and the receives Royal Assent is enacted and becomes an Act.

–The words “statute” and “Act” are interchangeable

35
Q

Bill

A

a proposed Act that is before the Legislative Assembly for consideration.

36
Q

Regulation

A

a law that is made by a person or body whose authority to make the law is set out in an Act.

-usually authority is given to Lieutenant Governor in Council or Minister of the Government or Legislation.

37
Q

Fiscal Year

A

means 12 month period beginning on April 1

38
Q

Statute

A

aka Act

39
Q

Legislation

A

This term encompasses both Acts enacted by the Legislature and regulations made by a person or body whose authority to make them is set out in an Act

40
Q

Legislature

A

the Queen, as represented by the lieutenant Governor acting by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly

41
Q

O. Reg

A

The abbreviation for Ontario Regulation

42
Q

Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA)

A

an Ontario law that governs health and safety hazards in the workplace.

  • sets the duties of employers and others to foster an internal responsibility system:
  • requirement for employers to have a health and safety policy
  • the specification of rights of workers with respect to workplace health and safety.
43
Q

WHMIS

A

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
- Canada’s national hazard communication standard: labeling of containers, MSDS, education and training

-WHMIS came into effect on October 31, 1988.

44
Q

controlled product

A

-a product, material or substance determined in accordance with part IV of the controlled Products Regulations to be included in a class listed in Schedule II of the Hazardous Products Act

45
Q

container

A

includes a bag, barrel, bottle box, can, cylinder, drum, storage tank or similar package or receptacle

46
Q

fugitive emission

A

a gas, liquid, solid, vapour, fume, must, fog or dust that escapes from process equipment, from emission control equipment or from a product

47
Q

hazardous waste

A

a controlled product that is intended or disposal or is sold for recycling or recovery

48
Q

label

A

a mark, sign, device, stamp, seal, sticker, ticket, tag or wrapper

Standards of Practice, Ethics, Accredited bodies and Legislation (1 decks)

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