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BIO HL: Ecology & Biodiversity > Standards > Flashcards

Standards Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

The scientific study of naming, classifying and defining groups of organisms based on shared characteristics

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2
Q

What is the hierarchy of taxa?

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Dear King Philipp came over from great spain

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3
Q

What is binomial nomenclature?

A

The system of naming organisms in which two terms are used to denote a species

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4
Q

What are rules of a genus and species

A
  • genus is capitalized
  • genus can be abbreviated
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5
Q

Why are binomial names used?

A

Because they are in latin, it is a dead language which doesnt change and is universal.

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6
Q

What are the 3 domains of life?

A

Eubacteria
Archaea
Eukaryota

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7
Q

Which domains reproduce asexually?

A

All three, Eukaryota is usually sexual

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8
Q

Which domain has a unique metabolism?

A

Eubacteria

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9
Q

Which domains are unicellular?

A

Arachaea and Eubacteria

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10
Q

Differentiate the types of chromosomes between the 3 domains

A

Single and circular:
Eubacteria, Archaea

Multiple and linear:
Eubacteria

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11
Q

What are all the kingdoms of life?

A

Eubacteria, Archaea, Protista, Plantae. Fungi, Animalia

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12
Q

All of which kingdoms are autotrophic?

A

Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Animalia

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13
Q

What kingdom are algae in?

A

Protista

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14
Q

What kingdoms have only a cell wall?

A

Animalia, Eubacteria, Protista

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15
Q

Name the different plant phyla.

A

Angiospermophyta, Filicinophyta, Coniferophyta, Bryophyta

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16
Q

Explain what types of leaves all the plant phyla have.

A

Angiospermophyta: variety
Filicinophyta: fronds
Coniferophyta: needles
Bryophyta: simple

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17
Q

Explain what types of stems all the plant phyla have.

A

Angiospermophyta: woody trunks/herbacious
Filicinophyta: underground
Coniferophyta: woody trunk
Bryophyta: simple

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18
Q

What type of stems do conifers have?

A

Shallow and not extensive

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19
Q

What type of roots do angiospermophyta have?

A

Tap and fiborous

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20
Q

What type of roots to mosses have?

A

They do not have any, they have rhizoids

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21
Q

Reproductive structures of all the plant phyla

A

Angiospermophyta: Seeds in fruit
Filicinophyta: naked seeds
Coniferophyta: spores
Bryophyta: spores

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22
Q

Name all of the animal phyla.

A

Porifera, Platyhelminthes, Anellida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Chordata, Cnidaria

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23
Q

What are cnidaria?

A

Corals and jelly fish

24
Q

What are platyhelminthes?

A

Tapeworms:
flattened body, parasidic

25
Q

Which animal phyla do not have an anus?

A

Platyhelminthes, Porifera, Cnidaria

26
Q

Which animal phyla dont have a mouth?

A

Porifera

27
Q

Which animal phyla dont have any symmetry?

A

Porifera

28
Q

Which animal phyla have radial symmetry?

A

Cnidaria

29
Q

Explain the animal phyla annelida.

A

Ring worms, earthworms, leeches
They body consists of ringed segments, tubular.

30
Q

Do vertebrates have a notochord?

A

no

31
Q

What type of nervous system do chordates and vertebrates have?

A

Chordates: dorsal

Vertebrates: Ventral

32
Q

Which two vertebrates have external fertilization?

A

Ray-finned fish and amphibia.

33
Q

What are ray-finned fish?

A

Fish

34
Q

Describe the skin of all the vertebrates

A

Fay finned fish: scales
Amphibia: moist
Reptilia: keratinous scales
Aves: keratinous feathers
Mammals: Keratinous hair

35
Q

Describe the ventilation of all the vertebrates

A

fish: gills
Amphibia: simple lungs and gas exchange via skin
Reptilia: lungs with many folds
Aves: Lungs with sacs
Mammals: lungs

36
Q

All vertebrates have 4 limbs except 1, which is it?

A

Ray finned dish

37
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

An organism which makes its own food through light water and co2. They are referred to as producers as they make their own food

38
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Organisms which obtain its nutrients from other living organisms via feeding.

39
Q

What are the different types of heterotrophs?

A

Saprotrophs
Detriovores
Consumers

40
Q

What are detriovores?

A

Organisms which obtain organic nutrients from detrius via internal digestion

41
Q

What are saprotrophs?

A

Organisms which obtain nutrients from dead organisms via external digestion.

42
Q

All of what heat is eventually lost from teh ecosystem?

A
  • feces
  • heat released from cellular respiration
  • biomass not eaten
43
Q

What is the level of consumer called?

A

trophic level.

44
Q

What is a population?

A

A group of the same species living together and interacting

45
Q

What is a community?

A

Populations of diferent species living together and interacting

46
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

Communities interacting with the abiotic environment.

47
Q

What is a mesocosm?

A

Any experimental system that examines the natural environment under controlled conditions.

48
Q

Explain features of a mesocosm.

A
  • its a closed system where energy leaves but matter does not
  • its an enclosed environment that is used to model larger exosystems
  • can be self sustaining
  • can be manipulated
49
Q

How are atmospheric gases measured?

A

Thorugh satelites

50
Q

Examples of greenhouse gases.

A

Co2 and methane and CFS’s

51
Q

What is radiative efficiency?

A

The ability to absorb longwave radiation

52
Q

How is CH4 enhanced?

A

Via the mining of coal
Digestive processes of cattle

53
Q

Which greenhouse gas has the highest radiative efficiency?

A

H20

54
Q

What are types of motive sampling?

A

GPS
Mark and recapture
Video Camera

55
Q

What are the types of sessile sampling methods?

A

transect
quadrant sampling

BIO HL: Ecology & Biodiversity (1 decks)

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