Standardization and Codification Flashcards
The need for Codification arises because of the following reasons:
(i) Speed,
(ii) Unambiguity,
(iii) Saving of Effort,
(iv) Space Saving on forms,
(v) Ease of classification,
(vi) Mechanization.
Characteristics of Codes
As far as possible uniform dimension say, the metric system should be adopted
i) Code should be Simple.
ii) Code should be unique.
iii) Coding should be compact, concise and consistent.
iv) Code should be sufficiently flexible to meet future demands.
Codification Systems
One of the prerequisites of classification and codification is to know the basic nature and characteristics of all materials used in an enterprise and then classify them in broad categories and then to group and sub-group them in logical progression of kinds, type and sizes etc.
codification is:
The first two digits normally represent the major groups, such as raw tools, oil stationery, etc. The next two digits indicate the sub-groups, such as ferrous, non-ferrous, etc. Dimensional characteristics of length, width, head diameter usually constitute the further three digits and the last digit is reserved for minor variations.
Some of the systems of codification are:
Arbitrary Systems:
Mnemonic System
Brisch System
Kodak System
Arbitrary Systems
Based on the serial number under which a material is received and the same is allotted as a code number.
all inventory items are simply assigned arbitrary numbers in sequence as they are added to the stores account.
Each item thus has a discrete number, but it bears no systematic relationship to the numbers assigned to related items.
Two similar items or two mating parts may have numbers several thousand digits apart.
advantage that there is no fixed limit for codifying any number of items.
The main disadvantage is that one cannot know the characteristics or history of the items.
Mnemonic System
Functions much like a numerical system, however combines numeric and alphabetic notations in its symbols.
P Fa BCS 503
P denotes a purchased part,
Fa is a fastener,
BCS stands for bolt, carriage, with a square neck, and
503 represent the specific number of the bolt.
Mnemonic systems, particularly where a small number of items are involved, frequently make visual identification easier because they are more descriptive and they are often shorter.
As more and different types of items are added to the inventory, however, this advantage diminishes because the numbers of good symbols are limited.
Brisch System
Consists of seven digits applied in three stages
The items are grouped into suitable preliminary categories, such as assemblies, sub-assemblies, components and off the shelf items.
After these preliminary categories, items are grouped within the respective class in order to bring similar items together.
The Brisch system through it consists only of seven digits, is quite comprehensive as the basis is on logical major groupings.
Kodak System
Kodak system consists of 10 digits of numerical code
The logic of major grouping is based on sources of supply.
All materials are divided into 100 basic classifications, contributed only by procurement considerations.
For instance, a bolt is listed as hardware item if this is listed in hardware catalogues and available with hardware suppliers.
If this bolt is available as a part of the machine, it will be available under maintenance.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)
Formally known as, Indian Standards Institution (ISI), is the national body which deals with standardisation at national level.
BIS in collaboration with
NTH (National Test House) and with the help of their control laboratories they issue the ISI certification mark, which is a third party and is accepted nationally as a proof of standard quality.
Some of the international standards
British Standard (BS), American Standards Association (ASA) or the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM).
International Standards Organization (ISO) with its HQ
at Geneva
