Standard Model

Question 1

Define the term, elementary particle

Answer 1

a particle whose substructure is unknown

Question 2

define antiparticle

Answer 2

a particle with the same mass and opposite charge or spin to a corresponding particle, for example positron and electron

Question 3

Six types of quarks and what they are

Answer 3

up, down, charm, strange, top and bottom.
A quark is a subatomic particle governed by SNF that constitute hadrons. they are elementary particles

Question 4

Define the term baryon

Answer 4

composite of subatomic particles made up of 3 quarks

Question 5

Define term, meson

Answer 5

subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark

Question 6

recall 6 types of leptons and definition

Answer 6

electron, electron neutrino, muon, muon neutrino, tau and tau neutrino.
Leptons are subatomic particles governed by WNF and since they have charge, are influenced by electromagnetism

Question 7

Recall the four gauge bosons and definition

Answer 7

Gluon, photon, Z boson and W boson.
Gauge bosons are carriers of exchange particles that govern particle interaction and the mediation of the four fundamental forces

Question 8

Describe SNF in terms of gauge bosons

Answer 8

The SNF acts over small distances to hold nucleons together against electrostatic repulsive forces exerted between protons. the SNF is mediated by Gluons

Question 9

Describe WNF in terms of gauge bosons

Answer 9

The WNF is responsible for radioactive decay and is mediated by the W (+ or -) and Z bosons

Question 10

Describe electromagnetic forces in terms of Gauge bosons

Answer 10

The electromagnetic force is mediated by the exchange of photons between charged particles

Question 11

Contrast the fundamental forces experienced by quarks and leptons

Answer 11

the four fundamental forces are mediated by one or more gauge bosons between bodies of matter. the fundamental forces are SNF, WNF, EMF and gravitational forces. in order from strongest to weakest: SNF, EM, WNF and the grav force

Question 12

recall the conservation of lepton number in particle interaction

Answer 12

Leptons are assigned a lepton unmber of +1; antileptons -1 and non-leptonic fermions 0. the sun of the lepton numbers before particles interact equals the sum of the lepton numbers after particle interaction