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Russian History > Stalin Government > Flashcards

Stalin Government Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the focus’s of the 1st 5 year plan ?

A

Concentrated on the rapid growth of heavy industry specifically coal , steel and iron

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2
Q

When was the 1st 5 year plan ?

A

1928-1932

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3
Q

How successful was the 1st 5 year plan ?

A

Targets weren’t met in heavy industry and the price of grain went down due to Great Depression

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4
Q

When’s as the 2nd 5 year plan ?

A

1933-1937

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5
Q

What was the focus of the 2nd 5 year plan ?

A

Worked on lessons learnt from the first one ( ill prepared for )
Still Heavy industry but also communication , railways and other industrial sectors

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6
Q

How successful was the 2nd 5 year plan ?

A

Known as the ‘ three good years ‘
Not much improved within industry but there were no critical issues

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7
Q

When was the 3rd 5 year plan ?

A

1938-41

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8
Q

What was the focus of the 3rd 5 year plan ?

A

Went back to focus on Harvey industry production and also engineering and machinery

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9
Q

How effective was the 3rd 5 year plan ?

A

Not very successful, only lasted 3.5 years due to involvement in ww2 and there was a lack of engineers to help with rapid industrialisation

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10
Q

What was Stalin cult of personality?

A

Represented him a the “ father of the soviet people” through propaganda and what was written and said against him
Crackdown on anti-Stalin views

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11
Q

What happens as a result of going against his cult of personality?

A

Killed or imprisoned in gulags ( no bad words could be said )

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12
Q

How did he collectivise
agriculture?

A

Consolidating peasant farms into collective farms

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13
Q

What and when was the non aggression pact signed ?

A

A treaty with hitler that ended the fighting with Germany during ww2

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14
Q

When was the great purge ?

A

The late 1930s

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15
Q

What was the great purge ?

A

Late 1930s Stalin started to eliminate anybody who was deemed a threat a threat to his regime including political rivals

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16
Q

What type of people were targeted in his purge ?

A

Army officers
Normal citizens
Intellectuals

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17
Q

Who’s were Stalins main political opponents ?

A

Trotsky, Zinoviev, kamanev

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18
Q

What are stalins strengths?

A

Payed off his rivals
Elimination political rivals
Created a holy image of himself in which god decided he was the successor of Lenin

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19
Q

What did his title of general secretary allow ?

A

Appoint supporting officials and remove supporters of other rivals within the party

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20
Q

When was he in power ?

A

1924-1953

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21
Q

Why does George Orwell feel about Stalin approach to his government?

A

“ violent revolution served too often as a gateway to tyrant “

22
Q

What were the main aspects of staling gov ?

A

Collectivisation
5 year plans
Cult of personality

23
Q

Who was Stalins main political rival ?

A

Trotsky
Head of Cheka
Assassinated in 1940

24
Q

Who was stalins main rival in the power struggle after Lenin’s death ?

A

Trotsky and zinoviev

25
Q

What were Stalin’s Main tactics in order to win the power struggle ?

A

Present himself as true Leninist
Power of politburo
Rewarding loyalty

26
Q

How did Stalin use him be a true Leninist to win the power struggle ?

A

He portrayed himself as a Leninist by emphasising his commitment to Lenin’s ideology and policies
Used propaganda to show dis devotion ti Lenin

27
Q

How did Lenin control the politburo to help him in the power struggle ?

A

He used power as general secretary to expel potential rivals and pick the politburo with his most loyal supporters

28
Q

What was the difference in the politburo between Lenin and Stalin ?

A

Under Lenin, members of the politburo were free to debate and discuss important potential polices , but under Stalin he had full responsibility over the decisions

29
Q

How did he control the secret police to eliminate rival in the power struggle ?

A

Previously Lenin had iron felix sat in the politburo , but after both felix and Lenin died Stalin had hegira as head of the secret police. But not in the politburo making him directly in charge of the actions of who the secret police target

30
Q

How did Stalin reward loyalty to help with the power struggle after Lenin’s death ?

A

As general secretary , he could win support of the party by rewarding loyalty and support of him meaning he had no rivals close to him in the politburo and created an incentive to be loyal

31
Q

How did Stalin get rid of Leon Trotsky ?

A

He isolated Trotsky by questioning his loyalty to Lenin and sidelining him from important decision making which reduced his power and made him out to be and anti party activist
He was exiled in 1929 and exicuted in Mexico in 1940

32
Q

Who was his main opponents in the power struggle ?

A

Trotsky
Bukarin
Zinoviev

33
Q

What were Stalin’s main ways of displaying he was the true successor of Lenin ?

A

Being a true Leninist
Power over the politburo
Rewarding loyalty

34
Q

How did Stalin portray himself as a true Leninist during the power struggle ?

A

Shows how he is the right successor
Emphasised his commitment to Lenin’s ideology and regime
Used power as general secretary to use proper hands to show his loyalty

35
Q

How did Stalin use his power over the politburo during the power struggle ?

A

Stalin used terror within the party to expel political rivals and pack it with his most loyal supporters
Stalin didn’t have his head is secret police ( yegoda ) in the politburo meaning he directly controlled all the terror and executions that’s went on

36
Q

Why did Stalin reward loyalty during the power struggle ?

A

By rewarding loyalty of his most trusted followers he could have complete control within the politburo
Zero chance of being overthrown

37
Q

How did Stalin get rid of Trotsky during the power struggle?

A

He isolated Trotsky by questioning his loyalty to Lenin
Didn’t allow him to help with important decisions in the politburo
Exiled after Stalin accused him of anti party activity in 1929
Executed in Mexico in 1940

38
Q

What was Stalin’s aim regarding party and state ?

A

Lenin created both but never managed to combine the two
But Stalin wanted a shift in power from party to the state

39
Q

What did a shift from power to state mean ?

A

Senior members of the committee weren’t able to rival him as they were fighting between the state committee
State vs party

40
Q

What did Stalin’s relationship as head of both the state and party mean ?

A

The soviet state and party had been completed subordinated to him to mean he couldn’t be overthrown

41
Q

What legacy did Stalin leave behind ?

A

Very authoritarian and powerful legacy similar to Stalin who wasn’t afraid to use violence

42
Q

By what year was Stalin the undisputed leader of the communist party ?

A

1928

43
Q

What happens to zinoviev and kamanev during the power struggle ?

A

Put on house arrest for anti party activity and criticising his policies

44
Q

What was the reason for him launching the great terror ?

A

After Trotsky, zinoviev and kamanev had been eliminated
Stalin feared that within the party they still had supported who needed to be dealt with

45
Q

How long did the great Terror last ?

A

1935-37 ( peak )

46
Q

Hi is many deaths inside and out of the communist party were killed during this terror ?

A

10 million

10% of population

47
Q

How did Stalin use show trails to exile zinoviev Trotsky and Bukarin ?

A

1936-zinoviev trial
1937- Trotsky trail
1928- Bukarin trail

( public humiliation)

48
Q

Who was Bukarin and why did Stalin eliminate him as an opponent?

A

Promo at Bolshevik leader and was responsible for introduction of NEP but had ideological disagreements with Stalin

49
Q

Was stalins personality the main reason for purges ?

A

Paranoid about stability as head of the ussr
Use of violence through the Great purge of 1934

50
Q

How was the soviet state highly centralised?

A

Central planning
State capitalism
Yegoda not sat on politburo ( secret police under Stalin )

51
Q

How did Stalin use terror to help his politics strength ?

A

Great terror 1934
Collectivisation
Attack member within party using secret police

Russian History (12 decks)

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