STAGE 2 AND 3 Flashcards
a celestial luminous body in the sky
star
they are primarily made up of mostly hydrogen, with some helium and small amounts of other elements
star
it has its own life cycle
star
the process by which elements are fromed within stars as a result of nuclear fusion
stellar nucleosynthesis
the process by which multiple nuclei joined together to form a heavier nucleus
nuclear fusion
mnemonics of star cycle
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are vast clouds of dust and gas, composed of hydrogen and helium
nebulae
known as star nurseries, through the dust and gas within nebulae are spread out, gravitational forces cause them to clump together.
stellar nebulae
it is the hot core at the heart of the collapsing cloud that will one day become star
protostar
it is where the star produces energy by converting hydrogen atoms to helium atoms.
this is where sun located at
main sequence
eventually, the hydrogen which powers the nuclear reactions inside a star begins to tun out. All star will expand, cool and change color.
red giant
a smaller star or the average star, will gradually cool down and stop glowing. During these changes it will go through the _ phase.
planetary nebula
a region of cosmic gas and dust formed from the cast-off outer layers of a dying star
planetary nebula
massive star experience a much more energetic and violent end. It expledes as a _ . This scatters materials from inside the star accross space.
supernova
eventually, red giant stars become too unstable and expel their outer gaseous layers, leaving a small, extremely dense and small core, known as __
white dwarf
without enough energy to emit light, the white dwarf becomes a __
black dwarf
less massive red super giants condense into _ after undergoing a supernova
neutron star
are incredibly dense, with a single teaspoon of _ weighing a billion tons. The gravity fromm such stars masses causes protons and electrons to fuse into _
neutron star
if the star was extremely high mass then, after a supernova, it could collapse into itself, forming a _ , in which gravity is so strong that even light cannot escape it.
black hole
nuclear fusion reaction under main sequence star
one of the ways by which stars fuse hydrogen and helium
proton-proton chain reaction
nuclear fusion reaction under main seequence star
is a catalytic process that requires the presence of some initial carbon, nitrogen , and oxygen abundance in the stellar material.
CNO Cycle
nuclear fusion reaction under red giant/ red super giant
stars fuse together 3 alpha particles, creating a new particle with 6 protons and 6 neutrons.
triple alpha process
nuclear fusion reaction under red giant/ red super giant
more and more alpha particles are fused to create heavier elements all the way to iron
alpha ladder
nuclear fusion reaction under red giant/ red super giant
slow-neutron-capture-process is a nucleosynthesis process that occurs at relatively low neutron density and intermediate temperature conditions in star
s-process
nuclear fusion reaction under supernova
a rapid-neutron-capture-process is a set of nuclear reactions that in nuclear astrophysics is responsible for the creation of approximatelyn half of the atomic nuclei hevier than iron.
r-process
heavier elements
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carbon
oxygen
neon
magnesium
sulfur
iron
hottest to coolest
color of star
blue
blue white
yellow
orange
red
who discovered star
Galileo galilei
