Stage 1

Question 0

Method of classification of the computer’s technological development

Answer 0

Generations

Question 1

Computer

Answer 1

One of the most basic and main tools in the world of information and communication technology. It has suffered many transformations. Basic element in a computer system.

Question 2

Main elements of a computer system

Answer 2

Hardware (physical components) and software (set of established instructions).

Question 3

Computer system

Answer 3

Composed by a hardware that interacts though a software to reach an objective.

Question 4

Hardware

Answer 4

Joint of components of physical devices that intervenes in a computer system.

Question 5

Definition computer

Answer 5

Electronic device capable of interpreting input and output orders, besides processing and storing information.

Question 6

Machine language

Answer 6

Language that can only be read by the commuters and that consists of combinations of numbers (1 and 0).

Question 7

High level languages

Answer 7

Use commands and instructions understandable by the user and form which the computers are programmed. Ex: C, Visual Basic, robot Karel, etc.

Question 8

Components of a computer are classified by …

Answer 8

Their function

Question 9

Input devices

Answer 9

They introduce information to the computer to be processed or transformed. Keyboard, scanner, mouse, microphone, etc.

Question 10

Output devices

Answer 10

They show the data that was previously transformed or processed to the user. Monitor, printer, speakers.

Question 11

Storage devices

Answer 11

They let us save or store information.

Question 12

Classifications of storage devises

Answer 12

Main memory (ROM and RAM) and Secondary memory.

Question 13

Main memory

Answer 13

Acts direct with the CPU in all the input and output operations. It allows the user to store and to recover instantly data and programs withy which it is working.

Question 14

Components of the main memory

Answer 14

ROM (read only memory) and RAM (random access memory)

Question 15

ROM

Answer 15

Programmed by the manufacturer. It is permanent (once data has been written in this memory it cannot be changed, only read (the user does not have the option to modify it). It contains the instructions to boot and to check the computer for its good performance.

Question 16

RAM

Answer 16

Memory that store information that is being executed in the moment, so it can be processed quickly. The information in renewed constantly and it is deleted, or completely lost, when the computer is restarted or shut down. The capacity of this memory affects directly the performance of the programs and the amount of data that can be processed. The use can modify it by acquiring additional modules to increment it.

Question 17

Other name for RAM

Answer 17

Volatile memory.

Question 18

Secondary memory

Answer 18

Let’s the user save programs and data in a permanent way. Hard disks, floppy disks, compact disks (CDs), digital video disks (DVDs), USBs, etc.

Question 19

Other name for secondary memory

Answer 19

Secondary stage.

Question 20

BYTE

Answer 20

Unit of measure for the storage capacity. Initials of BinarY TErm.

Question 21

BIT

Answer 21

Smallest unit of information. BInary digiT. It can only contain one of two values, 1 or 0.

Question 22

Combination of ___ BITs make a BYTE

Answer 22

8

Question 23

Storage units

Answer 23

Devises that read and write data in a storage device. They are identifies with letters and and a :

Question 24

Floppy disks letters

Answer 24

A or B

Question 25

Hard disks letters

Answer 25

C or D. It can have two or one can be partitioned.

Question 26

DVD/CD letters

Answer 26

D or E

Question 27

Network connections or devices with USB ports letters

Answer 27

E to Z

Question 28

Processing units

Answer 28

(Central processing unit, CPU) is the component in charge of transforming data into information, it is the brain of the computer. It carries out most of the operations (most important a are th arithmetic and logic operations).

Question 29

Where is the CPU hosted?

Answer 29

In a microprocessor, which is connected to other devices though a Mother Board.

Question 30

Whee is the CPU and all of the things connected to it installed?

Answer 30

Inside a special cabinet which is commonly referred to as CPU.

Question 31

Hertz (Hz)

Answer 31

It's the unit of measure for the processing velocity. It is according to the type of microprocessor (Intel Pentium, Centrino, Atom, etc.

Question 32

Software

Answer 32

Set of instructions what we untouched in a computer in order to carry out a process.

Question 33

Classification of softwares

Answer 33

System and application software

Question 34

System software

Answer 34

It administrated and controls the operation of the hardware. It refers to the operative system and all of the utility programs that manage the resources of the computer. Ex: windows, OS X, Linux, Unix.

Question 35

Utility program

Answer 35

Programs which perform a specific task relates to the administration of the resources of the system

Question 36

Resources of the system

Answer 36

Disks units. Printers, networks, etc.

Question 37

Application software

Answer 37

Applications designed for the final user. Ex: word processors, spreadsheets, graphs, presentations, databases, games, etc.

Question 38

Most important program of a computer

Answer 38

Operative system

Question 39

Program that permits the user to take control of the computer, both software and hardware, so that they can administrate it to reach a good performance. All computers must have one installed.

Answer 39

Operative system

Question 40

Functions of an operative system

Answer 40

Interpret an execute instructions through the interface that is provided to the user. Optimize communications between input and output devices (I/O). Coordinate the processing of tasks Provide diagnostic errors of the basic parts of the computer. Serves as a connection to run application softwares.

Question 41

Does the hardware performs something by itself?

Answer 41

No

Question 42

Booting a computer system

Answer 42

Process by wh in an operating system is loaded in memory.

Question 43

Classification of operative systems

Answer 43

Multiuser, multitask, multiprocessing.

Question 44

Multiuser

Answer 44

Lets to or more users execute programs at the same time.

Question 45

Multitask

Answer 45

Lets two or more programs or applications be executed at the SS,e time.

Question 46

Processors must have _________ that permit the execution of different actions without blocking the use of the computer

Answer 46

More complex capacities

Question 47

Multiprocessing

Answer 47

More than one processor operate in the same memory and execute simultaneous processes.

Question 48

Interface

Answer 48

Presentation of the medium where the user introduces orders or commands or the operative system, which in turn, this one to the hardware. It is the mean of communication thought which then user interacts with the software.