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CIDEB TIC 1 > Stage 1 > Flashcards

Stage 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Method of classification of the computer’s technological development

A

Generations

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1
Q

Computer

A

One of the most basic and main tools in the world of information and communication technology. It has suffered many transformations. Basic element in a computer system.

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2
Q

Main elements of a computer system

A

Hardware (physical components) and software (set of established instructions).

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3
Q

Computer system

A

Composed by a hardware that interacts though a software to reach an objective.

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4
Q

Hardware

A

Joint of components of physical devices that intervenes in a computer system.

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5
Q

Definition computer

A

Electronic device capable of interpreting input and output orders, besides processing and storing information.

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6
Q

Machine language

A

Language that can only be read by the commuters and that consists of combinations of numbers (1 and 0).

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7
Q

High level languages

A

Use commands and instructions understandable by the user and form which the computers are programmed. Ex: C, Visual Basic, robot Karel, etc.

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8
Q

Components of a computer are classified by …

A

Their function

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9
Q

Input devices

A

They introduce information to the computer to be processed or transformed. Keyboard, scanner, mouse, microphone, etc.

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10
Q

Output devices

A

They show the data that was previously transformed or processed to the user. Monitor, printer, speakers.

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11
Q

Storage devices

A

They let us save or store information.

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12
Q

Classifications of storage devises

A

Main memory (ROM and RAM) and Secondary memory.

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13
Q

Main memory

A

Acts direct with the CPU in all the input and output operations. It allows the user to store and to recover instantly data and programs withy which it is working.

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14
Q

Components of the main memory

A

ROM (read only memory) and RAM (random access memory)

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15
Q

ROM

A

Programmed by the manufacturer. It is permanent (once data has been written in this memory it cannot be changed, only read (the user does not have the option to modify it). It contains the instructions to boot and to check the computer for its good performance.

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16
Q

RAM

A

Memory that store information that is being executed in the moment, so it can be processed quickly. The information in renewed constantly and it is deleted, or completely lost, when the computer is restarted or shut down. The capacity of this memory affects directly the performance of the programs and the amount of data that can be processed. The use can modify it by acquiring additional modules to increment it.

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17
Q

Other name for RAM

A

Volatile memory.

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18
Q

Secondary memory

A

Let’s the user save programs and data in a permanent way. Hard disks, floppy disks, compact disks (CDs), digital video disks (DVDs), USBs, etc.

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19
Q

Other name for secondary memory

A

Secondary stage.

20
Q

BYTE

A

Unit of measure for the storage capacity. Initials of BinarY TErm.

21
Q

BIT

A

Smallest unit of information. BInary digiT. It can only contain one of two values, 1 or 0.

22
Q

Combination of ___ BITs make a BYTE

A

8

23
Q

Storage units

A

Devises that read and write data in a storage device. They are identifies with letters and and a :

24
Q

Floppy disks letters

A

A or B

25
Q

Hard disks letters

A

C or D. It can have two or one can be partitioned.

26
Q

DVD/CD letters

A

D or E

27
Q

Network connections or devices with USB ports letters

A

E to Z

28
Q

Processing units

A

(Central processing unit, CPU) is the component in charge of transforming data into information, it is the brain of the computer. It carries out most of the operations (most important a are th arithmetic and logic operations).

29
Q

Where is the CPU hosted?

A

In a microprocessor, which is connected to other devices though a Mother Board.

30
Q

Whee is the CPU and all of the things connected to it installed?

A

Inside a special cabinet which is commonly referred to as CPU.

31
Q

Hertz (Hz)

A

It’s the unit of measure for the processing velocity. It is according to the type of microprocessor (Intel Pentium, Centrino, Atom, etc.

32
Q

Software

A

Set of instructions what we untouched in a computer in order to carry out a process.

33
Q

Classification of softwares

A

System and application software

34
Q

System software

A

It administrated and controls the operation of the hardware. It refers to the operative system and all of the utility programs that manage the resources of the computer. Ex: windows, OS X, Linux, Unix.

35
Q

Utility program

A

Programs which perform a specific task relates to the administration of the resources of the system

36
Q

Resources of the system

A

Disks units. Printers, networks, etc.

37
Q

Application software

A

Applications designed for the final user. Ex: word processors, spreadsheets, graphs, presentations, databases, games, etc.

38
Q

Most important program of a computer

A

Operative system

39
Q

Program that permits the user to take control of the computer, both software and hardware, so that they can administrate it to reach a good performance. All computers must have one installed.

A

Operative system

40
Q

Functions of an operative system

A

Interpret an execute instructions through the interface that is provided to the user.
Optimize communications between input and output devices (I/O).
Coordinate the processing of tasks
Provide diagnostic errors of the basic parts of the computer.
Serves as a connection to run application softwares.

41
Q

Does the hardware performs something by itself?

A

No

42
Q

Booting a computer system

A

Process by wh in an operating system is loaded in memory.

43
Q

Classification of operative systems

A

Multiuser, multitask, multiprocessing.

44
Q

Multiuser

A

Lets to or more users execute programs at the same time.

45
Q

Multitask

A

Lets two or more programs or applications be executed at the SS,e time.

46
Q

Processors must have _________ that permit the execution of different actions without blocking the use of the computer

A

More complex capacities

47
Q

Multiprocessing

A

More than one processor operate in the same memory and execute simultaneous processes.

48
Q

Interface

A

Presentation of the medium where the user introduces orders or commands or the operative system, which in turn, this one to the hardware. It is the mean of communication thought which then user interacts with the software.

CIDEB TIC 1 (1 decks)

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