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Biomechanics MEDI222 > Stability > Flashcards

Stability Flashcards

1
Q

3 important terms to understand are ________, equilibrium and stability

A

-balance

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2
Q

mass is the ________ of matter of which the body is _______ (kg), while ______ is the measure of force which which the earth pulls the body’s mass (Newtons)

A
  • quantity
  • composed
  • weight
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3
Q

The _____ _ _______ (CoG), is the point of the body through which gravity acts, the _______ _____ or the point where weight seems concentrated

A
  • Centre of gravity

- balance

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4
Q

CoG is also called the ___ _ _____ and doesn’t have to be within the ______ _______ of a body

A
  • Centre of Mass

- physical substance

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5
Q

each body segment has its own ___, _____ and CoG, w which is usually closer to the _______ end

A
  • mass
  • weight
  • proximal
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6
Q

The _______ of the CoG depends on the _____ and arrangement of body segments,

A
  • location

- position

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7
Q

________ segments of the body have a greater influence on the location of the CoG than _____ segments

A
  • more massive

- smaller

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8
Q

typically, ___ have a higher CoG than _____

A
  • men

- women

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9
Q

the Line of CoG in the line of ____ of the force of ______

A
  • action

- gravity

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10
Q

______ is a turning or rotary force that is ‘off centre’ and describes how this force effects a body. It is also known as a _______

A
  • Torque

- moment

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11
Q

Torque is calculated by multiplying the _____ by the distance from the line of gravity

A

-force

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12
Q

CoG is calculated by 4 different methods; suspension, _______, balance board and ________

A
  • segmentation

- reaction board

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13
Q

The ________________ is the area defined by straight lines connecting the most outer body parts that are touching the supporting surface

A
  • base of support

eg: two feet and one hand would make a triangle. It is inclusive of the space in between

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14
Q

_____________ is defined by having 0 acceleration

A

-equilibrium

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15
Q

Balance is the ability to control _________

A

-equilibrium

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16
Q

________ is resistance to disturbance of equilibrium

A

-stability

17
Q

Equilibrium is unchanged in speed and direction and comes in 2 types: __________ and _________

A
  • dynamic

- static

18
Q

Static ________ occurs when a body is at rest, not __________ or rotating

A
  • equilibrium

- translating

19
Q

__________ equilibrium is when a body is moving with _______ speed and direction

A
  • dynamic

- constant

20
Q

Equilibrium can also be stable (triangle on large base), _______ (triangle on tip)or neutral (like a sphere shape)

A

-unstable

21
Q

Balance is _______ the body’s equilibrium for a given purpose

A

-controlling

22
Q

Stability is the _______ which which equilibrium can be _______

A
  • difficulty

- disturbed

23
Q

Stability can be one of 4 types: dynamic, ________, linear or ______

A
  • enduring

- rotary

24
Q

Stability is affected by several things:

  • _______ of the body
  • position of LoG relative to limits of BoS
  • _______ of BoS
  • height of CoG relative to BoS
  • principle of ______
A
  • weight
  • width
  • moments
25
Q

Principle 1 states that for a given stance, stability is proportional to the _____ of the body. e.g. heavier = more stable

A

-mass

26
Q

Principle 2 states that a body is more stable when the LoG falls _________ _______ the BoS. Stability is lost when LoG falls _______ of the BoS

A
  • well within

- outside

27
Q

Principle 3 states that stability against a force from a given _______ is proportional to the ______, in that direction, from the point at which the LoG falls to the edge of the BoS Eg, the boys pushing, dog resisting

A
  • direction

- distance

28
Q

Principle 4 states that if stability is the primary consideration, the CoG should be kept as ____ as possible

A

-low

29
Q

__________ stability is being ready to move quickly off the mark. So, you would want a _____ CoG, a narrow ______, to move the CoG to the edge of the BoS and to minimise body _____. Eg: sprinters

A
  • dynamic
  • high
  • BoS
  • weight
30
Q

___________ stability is staying still and stable easily. So you’d want a ______ CoG, a centred LoG within the BoS, a ______ BoS and maximised body weight

A
  • enduring
  • low
  • wide

Biomechanics MEDI222 (5 decks)

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