St Bartholomew's Massacre (massacre + consequences) Flashcards
what triggered a wave of popular killing
assassination of Coligny and several dozen Huguenot leaders
how did Charles IX react to the mob
despite taking steps to reign in the violence he declared that the mob ‘carried out his wishes’
what did Henry of Guise do in reaction to the massacres
sheltered Huguenots from horrific violence
what were the two main consequences for the Huguenots
- mass conversions back to Catholicism - those who remained retreated to strongholds in the midi region incl. Languedoc
- Peace of La Rochelle 1573 restricted Huguenot rights but was largely ignored by Huguenots who became more staunchly anti-monarchical
how many died in Paris
2000
In Rouen how many Catholics remained
16500 fell to 3000 (only 300 actually killed)
- who supported the Huguenots?
2. what did this force Henry III to do?
- Duke of Alencon
2. sign the Treaty of Monsieur 1576
what did the Treaty of Monsieur do
granted Huguenots full religious liberty outside Paris
what was the political impact of the Massacres
Catholic nobles now had total control over the crown
- what prompted the re-forming of the hard-line Catholic League
- who re-formed the Catholic League
- collusion between Duke of Alencon and Huguenots, forcing Henry III to sign the Peace of Monsieur
- Henry of Guise
what was the effect of the Catholic League
split Catholics into two divisions: hard-line and moderate Politiques
what did the Politiques want
restoring unity and a strong monarchy
why did the division come to a head over the issue of succession
Huguenot Henry of Navarre was next in line to the throne but the Catholic League was determined to hand the throne to Cardinal Bourbon (Navarre’s Catholic uncle)
why did the wars over succession end?
Navarre converted to Catholicism
- what did Navarre sign
2. what did this secure
- Edict of Nantes 1598
2. toleration of French Huguenots into the next century
