SST vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Arthordesis

A

The surgical fixation of a joint to promote fusion of the bones

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2
Q

Crankshaft deformity

A

A potential deformity which occurs when the posterior elements of a skeletally immature patient fuse. the vertebral bodies may continue to grow after posterior fusion resulting in a deformity resembling the crankshaft of an automobile engine

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3
Q

Decompensation

A

Relative to scoliosis the loss of spinal balance when the thoracic cage is not centered over the pelvis in the coronal plane.

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4
Q

Discectomy

A

The removal of all or part of the intervertebral disc

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5
Q

Discogram

A

Radiograph procedure in which contrast material is injected into the intervertebral disc under fluoroscopy, and the patency of the disc is evaluated

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6
Q

Etiology

A

The cause or origin of the pathology

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7
Q

Hyperkyphosis

A

A spinal deformity of the sagittal plane and which excessive flexion occurs the deformity may be smooth with the small degree of excesses flexion at multiple levels or angular with acute flexion at one or two segments commonly referred to as humpback or hunchback

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8
Q

Hypokypohsis

A

Alignment of the sagittal plane in which there is less than the normal amount of flexion but where the sagittal plane continues to have an anterior concaveitu

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9
Q

Ablation

A

The removal of a body part or destruction of its function

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10
Q

Iatrogenic

A

The clinical response usually unfavorable to a medical or surgical treatment

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11
Q

Idiopathic

A

Of unknown cause or etiology

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12
Q

Kyphosis

A

The posterior curve in the sagittal plane of the spine a normal spine has has a kyphotic curve at the thoracic level of approximately 20° to 40° as well as the sacral kyphosis

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13
Q

Lamella

A

The layers of collagen and elastin fibers that are arranged concentrically to make up the annualus fibrosis of the intervertebral disc

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14
Q

Laminectomy

A

Surgical removal of part or all of the posterior vertebral elements to allow space for the neural structures

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15
Q

Laminoplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the posterior vertebral elements to increase space for the neural structures while maintaining the posterior arch

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16
Q

Lordosis

A

An anterior curve in the sagittal plane of the spine a normal spine has a lordotic curve at the cervical level of approximately 20 to 40° and at the lumbar level of approximately 30 to 50°

17
Q

Myelogram

A

Radiograph technique in which contrast material is injected into the subarachnoid space of the cauda equina and x-rays or CT scans are taking allows visualization of the neurological structures

18
Q

Myelopathy

A

Deterioration or disease of the spinal cord

19
Q

Osteoblast

A

A cell that forms bone

20
Q

Osteoclast

A

A cell that resorbs bony tissue

21
Q

Radiculopathy

A

Deterioration or disease of a nerve root

22
Q

Radiolucent

A

Being of a density that allows passage of some or all x-rays most anatomical structures have some degree of radiolucency.

23
Q

Radioplaque

A

Being dense enough to block passage of some or all x-rays

24
Q

Retrolisthesis

A

Posterior slippage of a vertebra in relation to the inferior adjacent vertebra

25
Q

Scheuermanns disease

A

Kyphonic condition resulting from idiopathic aseptic necrosis of the vertebral bodies also referred to as universal kyphosis

26
Q

Sciatica

A

Pain in the lower back and hip that radiates into the back of the thigh and leg results from compression of the L5 or S1 nerve root

27
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

The anterior slippage of a vertebrate in relation to the inferior adjacent vertebrae

28
Q

Spondylolysis

A

A defect in the vertebrae usually in the area of the pars in which the vertebrae body maintains relatively normal alignment

29
Q

Spondyloptosis

A

The spondylolisthesis of L5 in which the vertebrae body has slipped entirely off the top of the sacrum and into the pelvic cavity

30
Q

Spondylosis

A

The degeneration changes that occur in the articulation points of the vertebrae essentially arthritis of the spine

31
Q

Stenosis

A

The narrowing of a tube or passage

32
Q

Subluxation

A

Relative to the spine, a partial or incomplete vertebral slip in relation to the aid to send vertebrae commonly referred to as Spondylolisthesis

33
Q

Synovitis

A

Inflammation of a synovial membrane

34
Q

Tension band

A

Posterior spinal muscle group that works collectively to maintain upright posture