Ss Study Guide Ch 7&15 Flashcards
Name the 2 categories for law
Criminal law and Civil law
How many justices does the Supreme Court have?
9
What is the purpose/jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
Reviewing/ appellate original
Where is the Supreme Court?
D.C.
How many judges does the US Court of Appeals have?
6-28
What is the purpose/jurisdiction of the US Court of Appeals?
Appellate Jurisdiction
Where is the US Court of Appeals located?
13 circuit courts
How many judges does the US District Court have?
More than 650
What is the purpose/jurisdiction of the US District Court?
Trial jurisdiction
Where is the US District Court located?
94 courts
Who appoints all justices and judges?
The president
Who approves all appointments of justices and judges?
The Senate
What is the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction?
Original- has authority to hear a case for the 1st time
Appellate- change discussions of lower courts
What is the purpose of the Judicial Branch?
To decide the laws and whether a law breaks the rules of the constitution
Who is the current chief justice?
John G. Roberts Jr
Who is the newest confirmed member?
Ketanji Brown Jackson
Brown V. Board of Education
1954- Supreme Court ordered an end to segregation in public schools
Marbury V. Madison
1803- This gave judicial power to the Court called judicial review
Miranda V. Madison
1966- At the time of arrest police have to read your rights
Plessy V. Ferguson
1896- separate but equal is ok (segregation)
Roe V. Wade
1973- ruling- legalized abortion
Scott V. Sandford
1857- Scott was a slave who tried to sue for his freedom but was denied
Majority Opinion
Most people
Dissenting Opinion
Opinion of fewer (minority)
Concurring Opinion
We agree/ disagree but for different reasons
Unanimous Opinion
Everyone agrees
What is judicial review
The power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law/government action goes against the constitution (can stop law)
What is civil law?
Protection of individual rights and addressing harm done between private parties
What are 4 types of civil law?
Contract law, property law, family law, and personal injury
Who is the person suing?
Plaintiff
Who is the person BEING sued?
Defendant
Briefly describe the process for civil cases:
Complaint- filed by plaintiff
Defendant responds
Trial
Guilty/not guilty
Sentencing or free to go
What is criminal law?
Deals with crimes and punishment for those crimes
Give 3 examples of Property crime
Theft/arson/vandalism
Give 3 examples of crimes against people
Assault/murder/kidnapping
What is the name given to minor crimes
Misdemeanors
What is the name given to serious crimes?
Felony
What is a juvenile delinquent?
A person under 18 who commits a serious crime or repeatedly breaks the law
What are possible reasons for juvenile delinquent’s decisions
Family issues, peer pressure, and school issues
What are possible outcomes of a juvenile delinquent
Probation, warning, sentence, rehab, drivers license suspension
Write out the process for the criminal justice process system from arrest to sentencing
Arrest and booking
|
Preliminary hearing
|
Indictment
|
Arraignment
/. \
Not guilty. Guilty
|
Trial
/. \
not guilty Guilty
|
Sentencing
