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ss final Flashcards

1
Q

the 3 countries of the triple Entente

A

great britain, france, russia

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2
Q

the 3 countries of the central power

A

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria

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3
Q

the details of the Schlieffen Plan in WWI was the German military strategy to?

A

Quickly defeat France in the north and then focus on Russia in the east

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4
Q

Although the Allies won the War, what country did not enjoy the benefits because it surrendered to Germany almost a year before Germany was defeated?

A

Russia

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5
Q

The spark that started the War occurred when the future leader of what region was assassinated?

A

Archduke Ferdinand of Austro-Hungarian

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6
Q

On which front did the Germans battle the French?

A

Western Front

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7
Q

the estimated human costs on the WWI battlefields

A

8.5 million dead soldiers, 21 million wounded

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8
Q

What treaty between the Allied powers and Germany was signed exactly 5 years after the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?

A

Treaty of Versailles

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9
Q

What was the final straw that brought the U.S. into WWI against Germany? What was the name of the message from Germany to Mexico?

A

Zimmerman Telegram, this telegram, written by German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann, is a coded message sent to Mexico, proposing a military alliance against the United States.

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10
Q

The Boom refers to the decade of the __________

A

1920s.

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11
Q

The Bust refers to the decade of the __________.

A

1930s

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12
Q

The War that followed the Bust is _____________

A

WW2

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13
Q

80 percent of Americans in 1929 have no ______________ at all.

A

no savings at all

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14
Q

A major cause of the Great Depression was the ________________ (name the institution) artificially manipulating interest rates.

A

federal reserve system

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15
Q

The AAA (a New Deal Agency) had ___________ (give the #) pigs slaughtered and burned at a time when many Americans were hungry and out of work.

A

6.4 million

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16
Q

What comes the closest to the highest rate of unemployment during the Great Depression?
25% (1 out of 4)
40% (2 out of 5)
50% (1 out of 2)
75% (3 out of 4)

A

25% (1 out of 4)

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17
Q

which sates were directly affected by the “Dust Bowl” that hit the Great Plains

A

Texas
Oklahoma
Colorado
Kansas
Nebraska

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18
Q

What were “Hoovervilles”

A

Small shack-towns mostly made of cardboard

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19
Q

What was the Bonus Army

A

A movement of WWI veterans who gathered in DC to demand their service bonus early

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20
Q

During the mid-to-late 1920s (even before the Great Depression Started), how were farmers affected by the low prices of wheat?

A

Much of the Roaring ’20s was a continual cycle of debt for the American farmer, stemming from falling farm prices and the need to purchase expensive machinery. farmers want high prices for crops consumers want low prices

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21
Q

What is “Buying on margin”

A

Getting a loan and then investing the money

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22
Q

What is Social Security”?

A

retirement pension that is guaranteed from the government

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23
Q

Name the 2 the presidents during the Great Depression

A

Hoover and FDR

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24
Q

What is a Flapper?

A

A woman who would wear short skirts, bobbed hair, and listened to jazz

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25
Q

The chief business of the American people is___
Who said it?

A

business.
Calvin Coolidge

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26
Q

This section featured information about the New Deal

A

Great Depression Parts 1 and 2

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27
Q

This section focused on Communism and its spread to the USA

A

red scare

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28
Q

This section was about the first Transatlantic flight

A

Lucky Lindy

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29
Q

This section described and incident where science came into conflict with religious belief

A

Monkey Trial

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30
Q

This section featured information about Louis Armstrong

A

All That Jazz

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31
Q

These countries were ruled by fascist dictators by the end of the 1930s

A

Spain
Italy
Germany

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32
Q

The earliest incident leading up to WWII in Asia was Japan invading ——– in 1931. (It is a region of China)

A

Manchuria

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33
Q

These two world leaders signed a nonaggression pact one week before the invasion of Poland that started WWII. (Also, they secretly divided Poland among themselves)

A

Hitler and Stalin

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34
Q

3 factors that kept countries from challenging the expanding Axis empires

A

A global depression
Memories of WWI
The belief in isolationism

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35
Q

What happened at the Munich Conference of 1938? Did Hitler keep his promise?

A

The settlement gave Germany the Sudetenland starting 10 October, in fact over the rest of Czechoslovakia as long as Hitler promised to go no further. hitler didn’t keep his promise he was only testing them.

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36
Q

3 major Axis Powers in WWII

A

Germany, Italy, Japan

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37
Q

Why did the Maginot Line fail and what it was.

A

It wasn’t mobile and because natiz went threw germany a line of fortification on the force german border to keep the nazis out, went around Belgium

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38
Q

D-Day refers to who invades whom?

A

Allied forces invading northern France

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39
Q

What was the German war strategy used in WWII to overwhelm the enemy?

A

Blitzkrieg

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40
Q

What battle is considered the major turning point in the war against Japan in the Pacific?

A

Battle of Midway

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41
Q

Around how many Jews were put to death as a result of Hitler’s Final Solution?

A

6 million

42
Q

What Battle was Hitler’s last major offensive in Europe? Was it successful?

A

battle of the bulge, not successful

43
Q

Know the following 3 blunders of Adolf Hitler during WWII

A

Declaring war on the USA
Invasion of Russia
Putting so many resources into the extermination of the Jews

44
Q

Which country saw the largest number of Jews killed in the Holocaust?

A

Poland

45
Q

At which location did Operation Overlord meet the most resistance by the Germans? What was the codename of the beach? (hint: over 2,000 Americans were killed here)

A

Omaha Beach

46
Q

Know the following Japanese cities that were sites of atomic explosions

A

Hiroshima
Nagasaki

47
Q

What country saw the most casualties during WWII? (both civilian and in terms of soldiers)

A

Soviet Union

48
Q

What organization was created after WWII (1945) to prevent another war from starting? It included both the USA and the USSR.

A

United Nations

49
Q

What battle cost the USSR over one million soldiers and it put the Germans on the defensive on the Russian front?

A

battle of stalingrad

50
Q

The Western European powers used an unsuccessful policy of appeasement against Hitler before the start of WWII. Put the following 5 occasions of appeasement in proper order (first through last).

Hitler is allowed to take the Rhineland
Hitler is allowed to take the Sudetenland
Treaty of Versailles
Hitler is allowed to take Czechoslovakia
The Anschluss (Austria and Germany reuniting)

A

Treaty of Versailles
Hitler is allowed to take the Rhineland
The Anschluss (Austria and Germany reuniting)
Hitler is allowed to take the Sudetenland
Hitler is allowed to take Czechoslovakia

51
Q

Karl Marx-most famous for what?

A

creating communism and marxism

52
Q

Vladimir Lenin

A

First leader of the USSR

53
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

most infamous leader of the USSR

54
Q

Totalitarianism vs. Communism (Which is political? Which is economic? What is the connection between the two?

A

Communism believes in the common ownership of everything (economic). Totalitarianism is a system which believes in state ownership (political). They both have control methods, basic principles, and government philosophies.

55
Q

What was the Iron Curtain?

A

a semi-imaginary line that divided Europe into two parts after WWII

56
Q

Truman Doctrine/Containment-what was the policy of containment?

A

the US would provide political, military, and economic aid to democratic countries under the threat of communist influences in order to prevent the expansion of communism

57
Q

Know what The Marshall Plan was

A

billions of dollars in aid given to 16 nations after WWII

58
Q

Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek (Who won the Civil War? Communists? Or Nationalists?)

A

Mao Zedong; Communists
chiang kai-shek: Nationalist-won

59
Q

Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism? What was it?

A

senator who tried to expose communism in American life. mccarthyism is making wild accusations without evidence

60
Q

Edward R. Murrow-How did he help stop McCarthy?

A

A pioneer of radio and television news broadcasting, Murrow produced a series of reports on his television program See It Now which helped lead to the punishment of Senator Joseph McCarthy.

61
Q

Ike (know when he served as president)

A

Eisenhower - served 1953-1961

62
Q

“military-industrial complex”-who said it? And what does it mean?

A

Eisenhower, it means a network of institutions involved in the production of weapons and military technology

63
Q

Know Nikita Khrushchev (when he led the USSR)

A

1953-1964

64
Q

Who was Fidel Castro? Which country did he rule? When?

A

President of Cuba, from 1959-2008

65
Q

What was the “Bay of Pigs Invasion”? Was it successful?

A

April 17, the Cuban-exile invasion force landed at beaches along the Bay of Pigs and immediately came under heavy fire. Cuban planes strafed the invaders, sank two escort ships, and destroyed half of the exile’s air support. It was not successful.

66
Q

Which president’s program for governing was called the “New Frontier”?

A

John F. Kennedy

67
Q

When did LBJ serve as president?

A

November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969

68
Q

Ho Chi Minh.

A

He was a Communist leader in Vietnam (fought against the USA and the South Vietnamese)

If elections were held after the “temporary” division in 1955, he would’ve been elected

He received support from China and the USSR

69
Q

Which President famously urged in a speech in Berlin, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”?

A

Ronald Reagan

70
Q

The number of U.S. soldiers killed in Vietnam?

A

60,000

71
Q

What was the result of the First Gulf War? (It ended in March of 1991)

A

Kuwait was liberated from the military Iraq

72
Q

What is meant by the phrase Guns and Butter?

A

War/military and welfare

73
Q

Who was John Henry Hammond? Name 3 famous musicians he discovered

A

American record producer, civil rights activist, and music critic

Billie Holiday, Robert Johnson, Bessie Smith, Bob Dylan

74
Q

The Theory convinced JFK to intervene more in Vietnam to stop the spread of Communism

A

Domino

75
Q

What effect did the Tet Offensive have on the American Public?

A

weakening U.S. public support for the war in Vietnam.

76
Q

Which U.S. president was in office when the Gulf of Tonkin Incident occurred?

A

Lyndon B Johnson

77
Q

What happened in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident? How did the U.S. Government Respond

A

President Lyndon B. Johnson requested permission from the U.S. Congress to increase the U.S. military presence in Indochina.

78
Q

Which President was in power when the USA recognized (accepted the existence) Communist China?

A

Nixon

79
Q

Which Cold War president was the most suspicious of big government domestic programs?

A

Ronald Reagan

80
Q

What was the Tiananmen Square incident of 1989?

A

Troops armed with assault rifles and tanks fired at citizens, several hundreds died

81
Q

Know the countries that were part of the Eastern (Communist) bloc (side)

A

Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia.

82
Q

The term “evil empire” (from President Reagan) in your reading was directed at the past and present governments of what country?

A

Russia

83
Q

Which Cold War President of the USA of the following can best be described as a “realist”? (as opposed to an idealist)

A

Nixon

84
Q

Which 3 countries make up French Indochina?

A

Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos

85
Q

What’s the connection between Brown V. Board of Education and Plessey V. Ferguson?

A

The court ruled that separate accommodations based on race were inherently unequal and so unconstitutional. brown v. board overturned plessey v. ferguson by saying segregation is no longer legal.

86
Q

Who was Jackie Robinson? What is he most famous for?

A

baseball

87
Q

Rosa Parks created the spark that led to the famous Bus Boycott in which city?

A

Montgomery

88
Q

How did Thurgood Marshall make history twice? First as a lawyer? Then as a judge?

A

became the nation’s first Black United States Supreme Court Justice; argued the historic 1954 Brown v. Board of Education speech, “separate but equal”

89
Q

How did the famous Indian leader, Gandhi, influence MLK Jr.?

A

He drew heavily on the Gandhian idea of nonviolence in his own activism

90
Q

In 1963, MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech on the steps of which monument?

A

Lincoln Memorial

91
Q

The Little Rock 9 brought integration to what type of school? In which state?

A

An all white school in Arkansas. 9 black students were brought into the all white high school

92
Q

“Bull” Connor was the infamous police chief in which city/state?

A

city of Birmingham, Alabama

93
Q

According to your book, what was the estimated attendance to the 1963 “March on Washington”?

A

250,000 it was a civil rights movement

94
Q

How long was the march from Selma to Montgomery?

A

54 Miles

95
Q

The tallest monument in Washington D.C. is dedicated to whom?

A

George Washington

96
Q

The boom

A

1920s
Technological progress which led to the mass production of goods, the electrification of America, and new mass marketing techniques. The availability of cheap credit and increased employment which, in turn, created a huge amount of consumers.

97
Q

The Great Depression/the bust

A

1930s
The Great Depression was the greatest and longest economic recession in modern world history. The country’s most vulnerable populations, such as children, the elderly, and those subject to discrimination, like African Americans, were the hardest hit.

98
Q

WWII

A

1940s
World War II was the biggest and deadliest war in history, involving more than 30 countries. Sparked by the 1939 Nazi invasion of Poland, the war dragged on for six bloody years until the Allies defeated the Axis powers of Nazi Germany, Japan and Italy in 1945.

99
Q

Beginning of Cold War

A

1950s
The United States, the Soviet Union, and their allies were locked in a long, tense conflict known as the Cold War. Though the parties were technically at peace, the period was characterized by an aggressive arms race, proxy wars, and ideological bids for world dominance

100
Q

Moon landing

A

1960s
the Americans and Soviets competed to prove their technological and intellectual superiority by becoming the first nation to put a human into space. Space exploration required and produced rapid improvements and advances in many fields, like telecommunications, micro-technology, computer science and solar power which affected society

101
Q

Watergate Scandal

A

1970s
Because of the scandal People became much more skeptical about politics and less trusting of government.

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