SS Drugs Flashcards
Patch testing
Used to investigate contact dermatitis
Around 40 substances put on the back, held on by tape
Tape removed on 2nd visit
3rd visit - any reactions recorded
UVB and PUVA
Exposure to UVA and UVB light
Treatment for psoriasis, dermatitis, vitiligo
Ellipse and punch biopsy
Takes a small disc of full thickness skin for testing
Curette and cautery
Curette - tool that can scrape off lesion
Wound surface is cauterised with heat or electrosurgical unit (diathermy) to stop bleeding
Cryotherapy
Use liquid nitrogen (-196 C) to freeze lesions and remove them
Used for actinic keratoses, viral warts, seborrhoeic keratoses and benign lesions, and BCC
Retinoids
Derived from vitamin A
Regulate epithelial cell growth
Used for acne, psoriasis, rosacea, seborrhea, granuloma annulare, actinic keratoses
Tretinoin can be used for sun damage
Keratolytics
Removes warts and lesions where epidermis produces excess skin
Dithranol
Hydroxyanthrone
Used for psoriasis - slower onset of action compared to steroids but does not have withdrawal symptoms
Calcipotriol
Synthetic derivative of calcitriol, a form of vitamin D
Used for psoriasis
Methotrexate
Used for autoimmune diseases such as RA, Crohns and psoriasis
Weekly dose
Side effects: hair loss, nausea, headaches and skin pigmentation
Ciclosporin
Immunosuppressant used for autoimmune conditions such as psoriasis
Side effects: HTN, headache, kidney problems, vomiting
Decreases function of lymphocytes
Dapsone
Antibiotic used for acne, dermatitis herpetiformis
Side effects: decrease in blood cells, nausea, loss of appetite
Azathioprine
Immunosuppressant used for SLE, pemphigus, eczema and atopic dermatitis
Side effects: bone marrow suppression and vomiting
Isotretinoin
Retinoid used for treatment for severe acne
Side effects: dry lips, dry skin and increases susceptibility to sun burn, myalgia and headaches
Chloramphenicol
Used for conjunctivitis
Side effects: bone marrow suppression, nausea, diarrhea
Levofloxacin
Used for cellulitis and eye infections
Common side effects: tendon rupture, nausea, diarrhea, trouble sleeping
Aciclovir
Antiviral used against HSV and VZV
Can cause low platelets
Decreases production of virus’s DNA
Mydriatics/ cycloplegics
Eg atropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide, phenylephrine
Antimuscarinic action, dilates the pupil and paralyses the ciliary muscles
Facilitate examination of fundus of eye
Used in treatment of anterior uveitis
Miotics
Eg pilocarpine
Stimulate parasympathetic nervous system causing pupil to become smaller
Reduce IOP
Used to reverse angle closure glaucoma
Prostaglandin analogues
Eg latanoprost, bimatoprost
Used to treat open angle glaucoma - reduce IOP
Can cause darkening of iris colour
Sympathomimetics
Eg brimonidine
Stimulant compounds which mimic effects of endogenous agonists of sympathetic nervous system
Used to treat open angle glaucoma - decreases syntheis of aqueous humour
Carbonic anyhdrase inhibitors
Acetazolamide
Used to treat acute angle closure glaucoma and open angle glaucoma
