SS Flashcards
all civilizations in south Asia had agriculture
trade and rich culture shaped by religion
3 regions in India fertile river-in the north dry plateau-centre/Deccan coastal plains or Ghats on the east and west landlocked-Nepal and Bangladesh
this civilization had
- no documents were dug but the artifacts and the city itself were a reflection of how they lived
- there are many statues of animals in the cities they say the bull is the most sacred for its inhabitants
Dravidians
this is the higher up place where the rice storage, marketplace, and the public bath was
Citadel
this was the modern-day subdivision with houses, drainage systems and straight roads
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
Dravidians downfall was caused by?
severe flooding
characteristics of Dravidians:
- structured government system
- had knowledge of mathematics
- Agriculture was their main livelihood
what was the type of religion the Dravidians had?
polytheism
What was the main livelihood of the Dravidians?
Agriculture
the Dravidians leaders were known as
Priest-kings
this civilization was found accidentally while they were searching for water for their cattle which led them to their Indus valley
Indo-aryans
what do you call the holy book of the indo-Aryans
the vedas
what was the writing system of the Indo-Aryans
sanskrit
Indo-Aryans:
- they need to follow their responsibilities according to their social classes, they believed if they do this in their next life they will be higher social class. the highest form is bhramin and the lowest is animal
- interaction between social classes is prohibited especially marriage between 2 people from different social classes
- they used bows and arrows and is the reason they occupied the Indus valley by riding chariots
- lived the way the Dravidians lived
this civilization tried to unify India in one rule, they invaded territories, built roads to trade
known for their rich deposit of iron ore, lush jungle, elephants, and fertile lands
Magadha
This civilization was freed bye alexander the great
Maurya
He ordered invasion of smell kinghoms in Northern India exrending his impire from Gandes to the land now part of Afghanistan
Chandragupta maurya
Who was chandagupta maurys adviser who also wrote the guidlines on good leadership which had becom the measure of goos leader ship in Maurya leaders
Kautilya Chanakya
He is the grandson of changagupta maurya
Who connqured the kingdoms in the Deccan Plateau
Asoka
Asoka was not happy with the outcome so he gave up his warrior life and joined ___
Buddhism
What are these called
- life is full of suffering
- the reason why people suffer is because of selfishness and greed.
- There is always a way to end suffering
- The way to end suffering is life according to the middle way, which is the Eightfold Path.
Four noble truths
what is the difference of Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism
Theravada believes Buddha is a teacher while Mahayana Believes he is a God
the communities in Deccan Plateau:
Tamil -known as a wealthy kingdom
source of living-trading
products-spices and textiles
purpose of the money of Tamils-use to fund the building of extravagant temples and palaces and ports in many parts of the kingdom
rights of the people in the Deccan-opportunity to live a good life, to read an write Sanskrit, they are allowed to shooed their own religion and women are given rights like right to become leaders.
in the Gupta Empire this was learned from the indians, indian mathematicians made the concept of zero
Arabic numeral
which empire had doctors that used herbs for healing, could perform surgeries for broken bones and facial wounds, and had vaccinations for smallpox
Gupta empire
what do you call the relic of Buddha
Bodhisattva
where were the bodhisattva kept?
stupas
Chandragupta was know for having a strong?
central
government
what are the Rajputs
warriors of the noble clan
this civilization
established mosque and islamic palaces in may parts of the empire they built this to encourage to encourage indians to convert and arabs to migrate to india
considered Muslims outcasts.
became the shelter of people of West Asia during the time when Mongols were invading the region
Delhi sultanate
what was Delhi sultanate’s biggest challenge
Encourage the Hindus to convert to islam
the muslim turks invaded the indus Valley and headed by _____ . They robbed temples.
Mahmud
another group of muslim turk headed by _____ _____ invaded indus valley
Muhammad Ghori
Delhi Sultanate allowed the Hindus to practice their belief but they need to pay higher tax
who established the mongol or Mughal empire
Barbur
reached its high during the rule of
Akbar
Why did Akbar ally with Rajputs, put hindus in high military post and married hindu women
because he wanted to please the hindus and did not want any hostilities with them(brought peace and prosperity)
he focused on decorating the empire with palaces, temples and mosques
he ordered the building of the taj mahal
Shah Jahan
what was the name of Shah Jahan’s second wife which tomb was the taj mahal
Mumtaz mahal
the taj mahal is know as one of the ancient wonders of the ancient world
it has a combination of Persian and islamic architecture because of the domes minarets and writing on the wall
what is the in the North part of china
Gobi desert
where is Mountains that separate China and southeast Asia located
south
whats in the west part of China
mountain ranges of Tien Shan and Himalayas
Korea is found in what part of China
Northeast
China believed their nation Zhonggu or middle kingdom and their race is most superior from the rest of the world
In China what was their livlihood
agriculture and trade
one of the more known trade networks that are mentioned many times in the talked about in each civilization
silk road
one of the more known trade networks that are mentioned many times in the talked about in each civilization
silk road
who was the first dynasty of China under the leadership was Yu
Xia
this is the rule by people coming from the same family or what is known as hereditary rulers.
dynasty
what did Yu belive to have found the solution to
the overflowing of the rivers that destroys farms and houses.irrigation and dates
these 3 were appointed to lead the community
fu xi, shen nong, huang ti
Fu Xi thought them how to ?
fish and hunt
Shen Nong taught them how to use
plow for farming
Huang Ti taught them to use
bow and arrow and invented a system of writing
this dynasty’s people gave great importance to strictly following the social order. they used bronze.
instead of praying directly to God, they ask the intercession of their relatives who passed away or the kings pray on behalf of their people. its downfall was because of constant military attacks of people living in the outlying regions of the north of China
Shang dynasty
served as the writing system of the Shang dynasty
oracle bones
what is feudalism
government system thats based on land ownership
this civilization was known as the classical Age of china
it downfall was because of Constant warfare due to the desire to gain huge territories to become powerful
Chou Dynasty
in the Chou Dynasty
- the power of the king depends on how many nobles are loyal to him and are willing to protect his throne(the land served as a seal
- in 771 BCE, nobles invaded each other to gain bigger territories. Some of them were able o acquire huge lands that were bigger than the king’s
- Agriculture was a priority for the fiefs to provide for the needs of the people
- irrigations were built to reach the farmlands. they built roads and bridges for communication and out of fiefs(A fief was the central element of feudalism. It consisted of heritable property or rights )
in this civilization they learned to make silk from silkworm
Chou dynasty
in this dynasty, they made coins from copper with a hole at the center
Chou dynasty
why did the Chou Dynasty have a increase in it population
because of supplies in goods and the advanced way of living
in the Chou dynasty
merchants became a new wealthy class
The writing system was inherited from the Shang
Chinese first made books out of very thin wood or bamboo the Book of Songs is one of the most famous books filled with phrases about life, love ect.
who are the 4 philosophers discussed
Confucius
Mencius
hsun tzu
lao tzu
this philosopher believes that everyone has a role in a civilization
Confucius
this philosopher believes that Man is naturally good and if he could further develop this goodness, it would become virtues
Mencius
Hsun Tzu believed that man is naturaly…?
wicked
Lao Tzu’s philosophy is called?
Taoism
this dynasty
was headed by She Huang Di who established a strict government anchored on the philosophy of Legalism. The government issued official coins that people used for business transactions and for payment of taxes. Its downfall was because of some people were discontented to his strict rule which lead to the downfall
Chin dynasty
how many districts did She Huang Di divide his empire with
36
why did She Huang di order all books of Confucianism to be burned?
he believed his people were brainwashed by this
She Huang Di confiscated the lands of the nobles distributed them to poor people
He ordered the building of roads and canals that connected provinces for transportation and communication
who ordered the building of the Great wall of china ?
She Huang Di
who was the leader of the Han Dynasty
Lui Bang also called Gao Zu meaning “Great ancestral power”
what was the Han dynasty main goal
gain people’s support and reunite all provinces under the central government.
in which dynasty did Confucian scholars were made role models of leadership and citizenship.
Han Dynasty
this is the examination taken for men who wanted to be government officials
imperial examination/civil service examination
He extended the Han dynasty up to Manchuria, Korea and North Vietnam
Wu Ti
what are tributary places
places that are tribute to China
what was the Society during the Han dynasty
Confucian Scholars-became more powerful and influential
Wealthy merchants were not placed on the same level as nobles.
Family remained to be the basic unit of Chinese society
Han dynasty became wealthy in the reign of?
Wu Di
what were the things the Han dynasty invented?
modern water transportation, rudder chain pumps, fishing reel, iron stirrups, suspension bridge, and wheelbarrow and magnetic compass.
the Han dynasty wrote books on Chemistry, colony, botany, and medicine. Chinese doctors used herbal medicine, practiced acupuncture, and invented the anesthesia to cure diseases.
which Dynasty had or invented the seismograph
Han Dynaty
what was the capital city of the empire a beautiful and modern city? It has grand palaces temples structures and parks and is even made more beautiful by decorations made of jade, ivory, rose, porcelain.
Chang an
Cai lun invented what
paper
what lead to the downfall of the Han Dynasty
wide spread corruption ad a result of nobles competition for government positions and control of provinces. People revolted and the empire ended in chaos .
this was known as a time in the Han Dynasty where there was No strong ruler was able to stop the disorder and unite the people under one government.
age of Disunity
this Dynasty’s main goal was to revive the Han culture
they also built the Grand canal
and it biggest achievements was the unification of all noble families and provinces of China
Sui Dynasty
where was the Gran canal connected to
Huang Ho and Yangtze
what was the cause of the downfall of the Sui dynasty
poor people revolted against the high taxes to support the repair of the Great wall and the construction of the Grand canal
who lead the overthrow of the Sui Dynasty
Li Yuan and his son Li Shimin
Li Simin-Later on called ____ ____made the Tang Dynasty reach its golden age
Government policies were anchored from confucianism
Civil service examination was revived
Tang Taizong
what what the most surprising change in the Tang Dynasty
rule of a woman emperor
Title of the empress or a queen was just a ceremonial position or position without power
who was Wu hou
an empress who ruled on her own merit By replacing her husband. she gained the support of the people because her rule was stable
this dynasty had Land reforms that gave the poor their own farmland
they gave attention to the repair of roads and canals especially the Grand canal
Buddhist monasteries turned into learning centers where scholars from different fields interacted that turned into new inventions and discoveries
Tang dynasty
The interaction among China, Korea, and Japan is the reason why they share a ____ _____
similar culture
The downfall of the Tang dynasty was because of
because of corruption , high taxes, and revolts against the government
