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S4M1 > SR. SMARTYSHORTS > Flashcards

SR. SMARTYSHORTS Flashcards

1
Q

Patient with ALS. Drug and MOA?

A

Riluzole- works on Na+ channels of damaged neurons -> decr. glutamate release.

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2
Q

Tetrabenzene. What are you trying to treat?

A

Huntington’s– chorea. VMAT2 inhibitor -> decreased DA

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3
Q

Woman taking opiod for pain. Which effect is LEAST likely to go away?

A

Constipation. (and miosis)

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4
Q

What drug results as a breakdown product of morphine?

A

codeine

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5
Q

What opioid will interact with MAO-I?

A

Methadone –> serotonin syndrome

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6
Q

What opioid can be used in pain associated with MI?

A

Morphine

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7
Q

How do all the inhalation anesthetics + thiopentanal + propofol work?

A

Enhance action of GABA by acting at GABA-A

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8
Q

Why is halothane C/I in pheochromocytoma

A

Halothane increases heart’s sensitivity to catecholamines

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9
Q

Patient had ischemic stroke, was discharged. What meds the person must take for life?

A

ACE + Diuretic (thiazides)

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10
Q

blah blah classes and subclasses abuse liability

A

Do a full comprehensive workup

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11
Q

How to manage confused patient?

A

Monitor with supportive care and WAIT

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12
Q

Patient with delirium but no underlying cause. Tx?

A

Supportive, fluids, wait

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13
Q

Old man, forgetting things over the past year. Worse over last 3 months. Forgot his route home. CT shows DIFFUSE infarcts around periventricular area.

A

Biswanger’s Disease (subcortical leukoaraiosis)

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14
Q

What is the most important predictive factor of the prognosis of pheochromocytoma?

A

Homovanillic/vanillylmandelic acid ratio

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15
Q

Treatment of stroke patient where TPA is CI?

A

aspirin

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16
Q

59 year old male with worsening executive functions and problems with memory.

A

Pick’s

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17
Q

Migraine vs. berry aneurysm

A

Migraine: gradual onset. throbbing. photophobia. aggravated by movement

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18
Q

Man with massive headache while sleeping around the same time at night at the same time each month. Rinorrhea.

A

Cluster headache

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19
Q

Non-fluctuating bi-frontal headache

A

muscle tension

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20
Q

Generally healthy Patient with recent sinus infection treated with abx that improved it a little bit. 1 week later got increased ICP, + ring enlanced lesion. Most likely causative agent?

A

MCC assoc with sinusitis, otitis media, or dental stuff:

peptostreptococcus, bacterioides, strep, haemophilus

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21
Q

Sad, low effort at work, losing weight, low sex drive for a couple months

A

Major depressive disorder

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22
Q

Mania only

A

bipolar 1

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23
Q

High energy student, successful

A

hypomania

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24
Q

Non-pharm treatment of bipolar

A

IPSRT (used for BIPOLAR ONLY). maintain regular schedule.

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25
Q

CSF profile of bacteria

A

neutrophils, low glucose, high protein

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26
Q

Immunocompromised. Pigeons. India Ink.

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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27
Q

MOA of Benzos

A

Increase frequency of GABA Cl- channels opening

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28
Q

What anti-depressant can be used in combo with other SSRIs to help improve sexual AE.

A

Mirtazapine

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29
Q

Second generation first line pharmacotherapy of generalized seizures

A

Lamotrigine

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30
Q

Effect of carbmazapine on P450s.

A

Inducer– will induce its own metabolism

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31
Q

What part of the brain is involved in ADD?

A

Frontal lobe – decr DA & NE

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32
Q

Mild proximal weakness and ptosis in young woman

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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33
Q

BOTH UMN and LMN in middle-aged man

A

ALS

34
Q

Limbic signs, deja vu. What part of brain?

A

medial temporal lobe complex partial seizure

35
Q

Management of TIA/stroke/seizure

A

Emergent full work up with a stroke team

36
Q

Sudden onset dense hemiplegia

A

Seizure with Todd’s paralysis (focal weakness after seizure)

37
Q

Subfalcine herniation

A

pushes cerebral hemisphere over

38
Q

Chicken-wire capillary pattern

A

oligodendroglioma

39
Q

Etiology of PALE infarct

A

Thrombus

40
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff cause

A

vit B1 (thiamine) deficiency

41
Q

Dry age-related macular degeneration

A

drusen

42
Q

Man with normal life EXCEPT one non-bizarre delusion about IRS calling him on the phone and breathing into it.

A

Delusion disorder

43
Q

Woman drowned children in the sea because she heard voices of an alien that was the devil that told her to over a month. She makes up an excuse for the voices.

A

Hallucinations (auditory). Delusions (made-up reasons why).

44
Q

ADHD diagnosis

A

6 symptoms of inattention, 6 symptoms of hyperactivity, for 6 months. <7y

45
Q

Signs of hepatic encephalopathy

A

asterixis

46
Q

Chronic drinker who is on day 2 off alcohol and having hallucinations and confusion with asterixis.

A

Delirium tremens

47
Q

West Nile virus encephalitis

A

Pathogenesis: Infects anterior horn cells
Clinical features:
– Fever
– Confusion
– Ascending muscle weakness similar to
Guillain-Barre syndrome
– Typically occurs in previously healthy people >60 years of age

48
Q

TRIC vs Trachoma

A

TRIC: chlamydia trachomatis D-K, anywhere in the world, STD genital-hand-eye contact or pools, LOWER palpebral conjunctiva, NOT assoc with blindness

Trachoma: c.trachomatis A-C, impoverished dry regions, flies hand-eye contact, repeat untreated infx, UPPER palpebral conjunctiva, can cause blindness from eyelash abrasions

49
Q

Features of zona fasciculata

A

lipid droplets, straight cords

reticularis has lots of lipofuscin granules

50
Q

Patient with alzheimer’s is on a drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase.

A

Donepezil

51
Q

Drug used to treat pituitary dwarfism

A

Somatropin. (NOT Mescasermin– this is for LARON dwarfism- GH resistance)

52
Q

Lung cancer— Hypercalcemia of Malignancy. Tx?

A

Zoledronate

53
Q

Appropriate anti-diabetic therapy to manage DM II in a patient who had an accident.

A

Stressful situation—— take off all other drugs and only give REGULAR insulin

54
Q

What is the role of glucocorticoids in fetal lung functino?

A

Increases surfactant

55
Q

Esophageal varices

A

IV octreotide or Vasopressin– constrict splenic arteries of the esophagus

56
Q

What is the MOA of Repagliinide

A

binds to receptor site on ATP-sensitive potassium channels on the beta cells of the pancreas to enhance insulin secretion

57
Q

What would happen to PTH with Cinacalcet?

A

decrease

58
Q

Normotensive patient with ischemic stroke. Give: warfarin, nicardipine, B blocker, diuretic?

A

Diuretic (thiazide)

nicardipine is for subarachnoid hemorrhage

59
Q

Histo of acute MS attack

A

axons are preserved initially

60
Q

Dermatomyositis

A

SLE like but lilac eyelids and hand/elbow dermatitis

61
Q

MCC spinal epidural abcess

A

S.aureus

62
Q

Gastroduodenal artery and inferopancreatoduodenal artery supply…

A

head of pancreas

63
Q

Patient with parkinson’s <65y. Treat with?

A

DA agonist– pramipexole, ropimorol (D2), rotigotine (D3>)

64
Q

What DA agonist is used for FREEZING in late stage Parkinson’s

A

Apomorphine

65
Q

Atypical antipsychotic lower risk of?

A

tardive dyskinesias

66
Q

What partial ag can be prescribed by a GP for drug abuse?

A

Bupronorphine

67
Q

What drug would you use for alcohol withdrawal that has cross reactivity but was not of the same class?

A

Benzo

68
Q

What nicotinic partial agonist is available for treating nicotine addiction

A

Varenicline

69
Q

Which atypical antipsychotic exhibits the least weight gain?

A

Aripiprazole

70
Q

Secondary obesity causes

A

HAART, glucocorticoids, antipsychotics, tight insulin regulation, Cushing, hypothyroid

71
Q

Woman with hirsutism and hypernatremia

A

11-b-hydroxylase deficiency

72
Q

Complication of meningitis

A

DIC –> acute adrenal apoplexy

73
Q

Mass causes flushing/panic, amyloid deposit. What cell is it derived from?

A

Medullary. C-cells.

74
Q

Insulinoma + MEN1

A

Test for parathyroid & pituitary. test whole family

75
Q

Patient eats plant (om nom nom) that acts as diuretic. What mood disorder drug would interfere with this magic plant?

A

Lithium (diuretics increase plasma levels)

76
Q

Hypnotic used for elderly.

A

Ramelteon- acts at MT1 and MT2 (melatonin agonist)

77
Q

Z drug given on demand.

A

Zaleplon

78
Q

Microvascular complications of diabetes

A

decreased lumen size

79
Q

Presbycusis is?

A

natural cochlear degeneration

80
Q

Woman gaining weight. Hypernatremia. Weakness.

A

Cushing

81
Q

11 hydroxylase deficiency. Hypernatremia. What hormone would be of abundance?

A

11-deoxycorticosterone (not cortisol!) or sex hormones

S4M1 (3 decks)

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