SPSS Stat tests & definitions

Question 1

p value (hypothesis tests)

Answer 1

• used in null hypothesis rejection testing
  if p > 0.05, accept null hypothesis - results oppose research hypothesis enough to consider null hypothesis is correct
  if p < 0.05, reject null hypothesis (larger p value = more likely ‘significant’ results were cause by chance)

Question 2

hypothesis tests:

Answer 2

t tests

Question 3

parametric

Answer 3

means normally distributed data p < .01

Question 4

Nominal data

Answer 4

Data represented in the form of categories

Question 5

Ordinal data

Answer 5

Data is ordered in some way

Question 6

Interval data

Answer 6

Based on numerical scales that include units of equal, precisely defined size

Question 7

Statistical tests

Answer 7

Used in psychology to determine whether a significant difference or correlation exists

Question 8

Levels of measurement

Answer 8

Quantitative data can be classified into types of levels as measurement, such as nominal, ordinal and interval

Question 9

Chi-squared

Answer 9

A test for an association between 2 variables or conditions. Data should be nominal level using an unrelated (independent) design

Question 10

Mann-Whitney U

Answer 10

A test for significant difference between 2 sets of scores. Data should be at least ordinal level using an unrelated design (independent groups)

Question 11

Wilcoxon test

Answer 11

A test for a significant difference between 2 sets of scores. Data should be at least ordinal level using a related design (repeated measures) (equivalent of Mann Whitney for repeated)

Question 12

Pearson’s correlation (r value)

Answer 12

A parametric test for correlation when data is at interval level

Question 13

ratio data

Answer 13

Quantitative data version of interval data, set value between each, no smaller value than 0

Question 14

Spearman’s correlation (r value)

Answer 14

version of Pearson’s test for data w more outliers

correlation coefficient