Springs Flashcards
Types of Springs
Helical compression Helical Tension Helical Torsion Torsional Spring Rod (Torque Tubes) Coned Disc (Belleville) Spring Flat Spiral Torsion spring Liquid Spring Pneumatic Spring Elastomeric (Rubber) Spring Leaf Spring
Purpose of a Spring
Use elasticity to absorb energy by distorting or disrupting when under load. Storing energy then releasing it under a controlled manner.
Characteristics of a Helical compression Spring
- Its an open helical spring which resists a compressive force. made from different wires depending on the use.
- Mainly circular springs however can be different shapes depending on intended use.
- Most common form has the same diameter for its entire length and is known as a straight spring
Helical compression spring design considerations
- most reasonably ergonomic for a given application
- Will fit into available space and will give satisfactory performance
- Space governs dimensional limits of operating length inside and outside diameters.
- other reqs are load, deflection, and maximum solid length.
Typical uses of Helical compression spring
- Piston engine (valve spring cylinder heads)
- damping rods/pogo rods (flight controls)
- Shock strut dampeners in smaller A/C
- Reference springs in various controls (Fuel control, hydraulic Pumps, servo mechanisms)
- Control valves
Characteristics of Helical Tension Springs
Usually close wound which resists a tension force applied at the ends of a spring through suitable end forms, simple hooks and loop are the most common
whats a distinguishing Tension of a helical compression spring
a force in the close wounds coils which must be overcome by a pull applied at both ends before the could will separate. Tension springs are used as balance springs in aircraft systems.
Typical uses of Helical tensional spring
- Analogue instrumenets/indicatiors
- flight control systems
- Wire tensions regulator
- Down lock springs on retactable landing gear systems
- up-lock hooks on landing gear doors
Spring Rods
Spring Rods are used in safety critical situations because tension springs are more likely to suffer fatigue and fracturs compared to a compression spring
- spring rods are used as they can be both compressive and tension spring.`
Helical Torsional Spring
Offer resistance to an applied torque when subject to an angular direction. deflection is a result in an increased number of could and a relative decrease in the spring diameter. Use Bending forces despite its torsional name.
Flat Spiral Springs
Flat torsional springs are flat material with gaps between to deliver torque. can be translated into linear by means of linkages.
-Widely used for clocks (gauges,indicators), locks and for maintaining pressure on a carbon brushes on electric motors and generators.
Torsion spring rods
Tubular rod, due to its elastic properties it acts like a spring, because of this it has been used widely in vehicle suspensions.
typical aircraft uses include flight controls. its effect depends on the load on the aircraft.
Coned Disc spring (Belleville0
normally used in compression whenever space is limited, particular if there are high forces. linear, regressive and progressive load deflection characteristics are obtained by different dimensions or by stacking. stacked either series or parallel. Elastomeric inserts can be used to increase dampening.
Leaf and flat springs
used in landing gear, old as Cann. has only one flexible component.
Pneumatic Springs
Basically an OLIO tube. used to dampen out dynamic motion in mechanical systems. Convert mechanical movement into pressure then to heat where its dispersed. Gas is compressed to a smaller volume increasing pressure .
