Springs Flashcards
In the force vs extension spring practical, what was the independent variable?
Force (mass)
In the force vs extension spring practical, what was the dependant variable?
The extension
In the force vs extension spring practical, what were the control variable(s)?
The spring
What are some hazards in the force vs extension spring practical & how do you prevent them?
Weights/masses falling on your foot. [Do the experiment on a table, use a cushion/mat]
The spring flicking into your eye. [Wear safety goggles]
Hooke’s law states that…
…for a given spring force and extension are directly proportional (up to the limit of proportionality)
Spring constant equation
Force = spring constant x extension
(F = k e)
What is elastic deformation?
When an object will return to it’s original dimensions when the applied force is removed
What is plastic deformation?
When an object will not return to it’s original dimensions when the applied force is removed (deformation is permanent)
Spring constant tells you…
…the stiffness of the spring
Spring constant unit
N/m
What equipment do you need for the force vs extension practical?
Ruler, weights/masses, stand + clamps
Steps (method) of the force vs extension practical
- Measure original spring length with a ruler
- Hang a mass/weight from the spring
- Measure total spring length with a ruler
- Calculate extension = total length - original length
- Repeat with different masses/weights*
*remove load in between to check spring is still elastic
A higher spring constant means a spring is MORE/LESS stiff.
More
What can be found by calculating the area under a force-extension graph?
Elastic potential energy (or the work done to stretch it)
What is the equation connecting energy, spring constant and extension?
Energy = 0.5 x Spring constant x Extension²
