Spring Semester Final Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic sequence

A

a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

Change of base formula

A

log of b times a equals log of d times a over log of d times b

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4
Q

Circle

A

a round plane figure whose boundary consists of points equidistant from a fixed point.

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5
Q

Combined variation

A

a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others (when the rest of the variables are held constant).

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6
Q

Common difference

A

the constant difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

Common logarithm

A

a logarithm with base 10, denoted as log 10 or simply by log

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8
Q

Common ratio

A

the constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

Completing the square

A

to add a term c to an expression of the form x^2 + bx + c is a perfect square trinomial

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10
Q

Complex conjugates

A

pairs of complex numbers of the forms a + bi and a - bi, where b does not equal 0

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11
Q

Complex fraction

A

a fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator or denominator

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12
Q

Complex number

A

a number written in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers

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13
Q

Composition of functions

A

an operation that can be performed with two functions

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14
Q

Compound inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities.

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15
Q

Conic section

A

a figure formed by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone. Depending on the angle of the plane with respect to the cone, a conic section may be a circle, an ellipse, a parabola, or a hyperbola.

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16
Q

Consistent

A

a linear or nonlinear system of equations. If there is at least one set of values for the unknowns that satisfies each equation in the system—that is, when substituted into each of the equations, they make each equation hold true as an identity.

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17
Q

Constant of variation

A

the constant a in the inverse variation equation y = a/x, where a does not equal 0

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18
Q

Continuous relation

A

a continuous function is a function that does not have any abrupt changes in value

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19
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

a number between −1 and +1 calculated so as to represent the linear dependence of two variables or sets of data.

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20
Q

Dependent

A

the variable that depends on the value of some other number

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21
Q

Dimensions of a matrix

A

the dimensions of a matrix with m rows and n columns are m times n (read “m by n”)

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22
Q

Direct variation

A

a simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

the expression b^2 - 4ac in the Quadratic Formula

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base.

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25
Q

End behavior

A

the behavior of the graph of a function as x approaches positive infinity or negative infinity

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26
Q

Exponential equation

A

equations in which variable expressions occur as exponents

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27
Q

Extraneous solution

A

solutions that are not solutions of the original equation

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28
Q

Extrema

A

any point at which the value of a function is largest (a maximum) or smallest (a minimum)

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29
Q

Factor Theorem

A

the factor theorem is a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial

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30
Q

Finite sequence

A

a list of terms in a specific order

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31
Q

Function

A

a relationship or expression involving one or more variables.

32
Q

Geometric sequence

A

a sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is a constant

33
Q

Greatest integer function

A

The function rounds -off the real number down to the integer less than the number. This function is also known as the Floor Function.

34
Q

Growth factor

A

the value of b in an exponential growth function of the form y = ab^x, where a > 0 and b > 1

35
Q

Hyperbola

A

an open curve with two branches, the intersection of a plane with both halves of a double cone

36
Q

Identity function

A

the function which assigns every real number to the same real number

37
Q

Imaginary unit

A

the positive square root of minus 1 denoted by i or + √-1.

38
Q

Inconsistent

A

defined as two or more equations that are impossible to solve based on using one set of values for the variables.

39
Q

Independent

A

a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment

40
Q

Infinite sequence

A

a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers

41
Q

Interval notation

A

a way of writing subsets of the real number line

42
Q

Inverse function

A

functions that undo each other

43
Q

Inverse relation

A

one in which the value of one parameter tends to decrease as the value of the other parameter in the relationship increases

44
Q

Inverse variation

A

two variables x and y show inverse variation when y = a/x, where a does not equal 0

45
Q

Joint variation

A

g

46
Q

Latus rectum

A

a

47
Q

Linear programming

A

a

48
Q

Logarithm

A

a

49
Q

Logistic growth model

A

a

50
Q

Matrix

A

a

51
Q

Nth root

A

a

52
Q

Natural logarithm

A

a

53
Q

Negative exponent

A

a

54
Q

Parabola

A

a

55
Q

Parent function

A

a

56
Q

Piece-wise defined function

A

a

57
Q

Point-slope form

A

a

58
Q

Quadratic function

A

a

59
Q

Radicand

A

a

60
Q

Rate of change

A

a

61
Q

Rational exponent

A

f

62
Q

Rational function

A

a

63
Q

Rationalizing the denominator

A

a

64
Q

Recursive formula

A

a

65
Q

Regression line

A

a

66
Q

Relative maximum

A

a

67
Q

Relative minimum

A

a

68
Q

Root

A

l

69
Q

Scatter plot

A

a

70
Q

Sequence

A

a

71
Q

Set-builder notation

A

a

72
Q

Step function

A

a

73
Q

Synthetic division

A

a

74
Q

Vertex form

A

a

75
Q

Vertical line test

A

g

76
Q

Zeros

A

g